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Since state-of-the-art LLMs often underperform in languages other than English or Chinese, improving the capability of LLMs in new languages has become an essential task. Moreover, LLMs' entire end-to-end training process remains largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Jinpyo Kim , Gyeongje Cho , Chanwoo Park , Jongwon Park , Jongmin Kim , Yeonkyoun So , Jaejin Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have so far impressed the world, with unprecedented capabilities that emerge in models at large scales. On the vision side, transformer models (i.e., ViT) are following the same trend, achieving the best…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Mustafa Shukor , Corentin Dancette , Matthieu Cord

The field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has seen significant advancements with the development of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, much of this research remains focused on English, often overlooking low-resource languages like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Anh-Dung Vo , Minseong Jung , Wonbeen Lee , Daewoo Choi

We introduce a morpheme-aware subword tokenization method that utilizes sub-character decomposition to address the challenges of applying Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) to Korean, a language characterized by its rich morphology and unique writing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Taehee Jeon , Bongseok Yang , Changhwan Kim , Yoonseob Lim

This technical report briefly describes our JDExplore d-team's Vega v2 submission on the SuperGLUE leaderboard. SuperGLUE is more challenging than the widely used general language understanding evaluation (GLUE) benchmark, containing eight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Yibing Zhan , Yu Qiao , Yonggang Wen , Li Shen , Juhua Liu , Baosheng Yu , Bo Du , Yixin Chen , Xinbo Gao , Chunyan Miao , Xiaoou Tang , Dacheng Tao

The increasing complexity of large-scale language models has amplified concerns regarding their interpretability and reusability. While traditional embedding models like Word2Vec and GloVe offer scalability, they lack transparency and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Ahmed K. Kadhim , Lei Jiao , Rishad Shafik , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of natural language processing tasks, yet their performance remains heavily biased toward high-resource languages. Tibetan, despite its cultural significance…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often English-centric due to the disproportionate distribution of languages in their pre-training data. Enhancing non-English language capabilities through post-pretraining often results in catastrophic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hao Zhou , Zhijun Wang , Shujian Huang , Xin Huang , Xue Han , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Weihua Luo , Jiajun Chen

We present a language independent, unsupervised method for building word embeddings using morphological expansion of text. Our model handles the problem of data sparsity and yields improved word embeddings by relying on training word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Syed Sarfaraz Akhtar , Arihant Gupta , Avijit Vajpayee , Arjit Srivastava , Manish Shrivastava

In recent years, Federated Learning (FL) has shown significant advancements in its ability to perform various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. This work focuses on applying personalized FL for on-device language modeling. Due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Sid Wang , Ashish Shenoy , Pierce Chuang , John Nguyen

We address for the first time unsupervised training for a translation task with hundreds of thousands of vocabulary words. We scale up the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm to learn a large translation table without any parallel text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Yunsu Kim , Julian Schamper , Hermann Ney

Large language models excel at a wide range of complex tasks. However, enabling general inference in the real world, e.g., for robotics problems, raises the challenge of grounding. We propose embodied language models to directly incorporate…

Recent large language models (LLM) exhibit sub-optimal performance on low-resource languages, as the training data of these models is usually dominated by English and other high-resource languages. Furthermore, it is challenging to train…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Zoltan Csaki , Pian Pawakapan , Urmish Thakker , Qiantong Xu

From Word2Vec to GloVe, word embedding models have played key roles in the current state-of-the-art results achieved in Natural Language Processing. Designed to give significant and unique vectorized representations of words and entities,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Bonaventure F. P. Dossou , Mohammed Sabry

Multilingual pre-trained language models(mPLMs) offer significant benefits for many low-resource languages. To further expand the range of languages these models can support, many works focus on continued pre-training of these models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jianyu Zheng

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) models are an emerging class of sparsely activated deep learning models that have sublinear compute costs with respect to their parameters. In contrast with dense models, the sparse architecture of MoE offers…

Dense retrieval calls for discriminative embeddings to represent the semantic relationship between query and document. It may benefit from the using of large language models (LLMs), given LLMs' strong capability on semantic understanding.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zheng Liu , Chaofan Li , Shitao Xiao , Yingxia Shao , Defu Lian

The cold-start issue is the challenge when we talk about recommender systems, especially in the case when we do not have the past interaction data of new users or new items. Content-based features or hybrid solutions are common as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yushang Zhao , Xinyue Han , Qian Leng , Qianyi Sun , Haotian Lyu , Chengrui Zhou

Tokenizer adaptation plays an important role in adapting pre-trained language models to new domains or languages. In this work, we address two complementary aspects of this process: vocabulary extension and pruning. The common approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Taido Purason , Pavel Chizhov , Ivan P. Yamshchikov , Mark Fishel

This paper introduces the Open Ko-LLM Leaderboard and the Ko-H5 Benchmark as vital tools for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in Korean. Incorporating private test sets while mirroring the English Open LLM Leaderboard, we establish a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Chanjun Park , Hyeonwoo Kim , Dahyun Kim , Seonghwan Cho , Sanghoon Kim , Sukyung Lee , Yungi Kim , Hwalsuk Lee