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Topological insulators represent a new quantum state of matter that are insulating in the bulk but metallic on the edge or surface. In the Dirac surface state, it is well-established that the electron spin is locked with the crystal…
It is proved that fermions can acquire the mass through the additional non-integrable exponential factor. For this propose the special vector potential associated with the spinor field was introduced. Such a vector potential has close…
The electronic spectrum on the spherical surface of a topological insulator reflects an active property of the helical surface state that stems from a constraint on its spin on a curved surface. The induced effective vector potential (spin…
The U(1) lattice gauge theory in three dimensions is a perfect laboratory to study the properties of the confining string. On the one hand, thanks to the mapping to a Coulomb gas of monopoles, the confining properties of the model can be…
For the first time the exact analytical expressions for the three-dimensional bound electron states in the Coulomb field of the chain consisting of positively charged ions, are obtained within the Dirac description, using the new spinor…
A generalized description of entanglement and quantum correlation properties constraining internal degrees of freedom of Dirac(-like) structures driven by arbitrary Poincar\'e classes of external field potentials is proposed. The role of…
There has been great interest in realizing quantum simulators of charged particles in artificial gauge fields. Here, we perform the first quantum simulation explorations of the combination of artificial gauge fields and disorder. Using…
A single Dirac particle is bound in d dimensions by vector V(r) and scalar S(r) central potentials. The spin-symmetric S=V and pseudo-spin-symmetric S = - V cases are studied and it is shown that if two such potentials are ordered V^{(1)}…
We pursue the idea of constructing higher spin fields as solutions to twisted Dirac operators. As general results we find that twisted prenormally hyperbolic first order operators (such as the Dirac operator) on globally hyperbolic…
We discuss that the singularities appearing in Dirac's formulation of magnetic monopoles are due to the set of fields which he used and not due to the physical properties of magnetic monopoles. We explain in detail that we can find the same…
Starting from the Dirac equation, the relativistic quantum hydrodynamic equations for Dirac electrons on a surface of a three dimensional-topological insulator (TI) are derived and numerically solved to study the spin plasmons. The surface…
We utilize variational method to investigate the Kondo screening of a spin-1/2 magnetic impurity in tilted Dirac surface states with the Dirac cone tilted along the $k_y$-axis. We mainly study about the effect of the tilting term on the…
The supersymmetric analysis of spinning cosmic string spacetime, involving an electron in magnetic fields, has been conducted. We examined the Dirac system within extended special functions known as exceptional orthogonal polynomials.…
In this work, we explore the strain and curvature effects on the electronic properties of a curved graphene structure, called the graphene wormhole. The electron dynamics is described by a massless Dirac fermion containing…
Although originally predicted in relativistic quantum mechanics, Zitterbewegung can also appear in some classical systems, which leads to the important question of whether Zitterbewegung of Dirac particles is underlain by a more fundamental…
We propose a method to create a monopole structure in a spin-1 spinor condensate by applying the basic methods used to create vortices and solitons experimentally in single-component condensates. We show, however, that by using a…
Dirac's original solution of the nontrivial Bianchi identity for magnetic monopoles [Dirac 1948], which redefines the fieldstrength along the Dirac string, diagonalizes the gauge and monopole degrees of freedom. We provide a variant of the…
When two or more energy bands become degenerate at a singular point in the momentum space, such singularity, or ``Dirac points", gives rise to intriguing quantum phenomena as well as unusual material properties. Systems at the Dirac points…
We describe a construction of fibrewise inner products on the cotangent bundle of the smooth free loop space of a Riemannian manifold. Using this inner product, we construct an operator over the loop space of a string manifold which is…
We introduce the concept of a photonic Dirac monopole, appropriate for photonic crystals, metamaterials and 2D materials, by utilizing the Dirac-Maxwell correspondence. We start by exploring vacuum where the reciprocal momentum space of…