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A large-scale distributed antenna system that serves the users by coherent joint transmission is called Cell-free Massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output). For a given user set, only a subset of the access points (APs) is likely needed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Trinh Van Chien , Emil Björnson , Erik G. Larsson

In this paper, we investigate downlink power control in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks with distributed antenna arrays. The base station (BS) in each cell consists of multiple antenna arrays, which are deployed in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Noman Akbar , Emil Björnson , Erik G. Larsson , Nan Yang

This paper considers the jointly optimal pilot and data power allocation in single-cell uplink massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Using the spectral efficiency (SE) as performance metric and setting a total energy budget…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hei Victor Cheng , Emil Björnson , Erik G. Larsson

With the increasing number of user equipment (UE) and data demands, denser access points (APs) are being employed. Resource allocation problems have been extensively researched with interference treated as noise. It is well understood that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Jing Li , Dongning Guo

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO) provides good interference management by coordinating many more access points (APs) than user equipments (UEs). It becomes challenging to determine which APs should serve which UEs…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Shuaifei Chen , Jiayi Zhang , Emil Björnson , Bo Ai

Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) deployments are usually investigated with half-duplex nodes and high-capacity fronthaul links. To leverage the possible gains in throughput and energy efficiency (EE) of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-11 Soumyadeep Datta , Ekant Sharma , Dheeraj Naidu Amudala , Rohit Budhiraja , Shivendra S. Panwar

This paper optimizes the pilot assignment and pilot transmit powers to mitigate pilot contamination in Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) systems. While prior works have treated pilot assignment as a combinatorial problem, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Trinh Van Chien , Emil Björnson , Erik G. Larsson

We consider a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CFmMIMO) network operating in dynamic time division duplex (DTDD). The switching point between the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) data transmission phases can be adapted…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Martin Andersson , Tung T. Vu , Pål Frenger , Erik G. Larsson

We consider the problem of max-min fairness for uplink cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) subject to per-user power constraints. The standard framework for solving the considered problem is to separately solve two…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-21 Muhammad Farooq , Hien Quoc Ngo , Le-Nam Tran

This paper introduces the weighted-sum energy efficiency (WSEE) as an advanced performance metric designed to represent the uplink energy efficiency (EE) of individual user equipment (UE) in a user-centric Cell-Free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Donghwi Kim , Liesbet Van der Perre , Wan Choi

We consider a dynamic time division duplex (DTDD) enabled cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) system, where each half-duplex (HD) access point (AP) is scheduled to operate in the uplink (UL) or downlink (DL) mode…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-24 Anubhab Chowdhury , Ribhu Chopra , Chandra R. Murthy

We consider a multigroup multicast cell-free multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink system with short-term power constraints. In particular, the normalized conjugate beamforming scheme is adopted at each access point (AP) to keep…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-14 Muhammad Farooq , Markku Juntti , Le-Nam Tran

This paper is concerned with the proportional fairness (PF) of the spectral efficiency (SE) maximization of uplinks in a cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system in which a large number of single-antenna access…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Viet Quoc Pham , Ha Hoang Kha , Le Ty Khanh

Cell-free Massive MIMO is considered as a promising technology for satisfying the increasing number of users and high rate expectations in beyond-5G networks. The key idea is to let many distributed access points (APs) communicate with all…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

This paper investigates the sum-rate gains brought by power allocation strategies in multicell massive multipleinput multiple-output systems, assuming time-division duplex transmission. For both uplink and downlink, we derive tractable…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-11 Qi Zhang , Shi Jin , Matthew McKay , David Morales-Jimenez , Hongbo Zhu

Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) deployments are usually investigated with half-duplex nodes and high-capacity fronthaul links. To leverage the possible gains in throughput and energy efficiency (EE) of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-13 Soumyadeep Datta , Dheeraj Naidu Amudala , Ekant Sharma , Rohit Budhiraja , Shivendra S. Panwar

In a heterogeneous network (HetNet) with a large number of low power base stations (BSs), proper user-BS association and power control is crucial to achieving desirable system performance. In this paper, we systematically study the joint BS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Ruoyu Sun , Mingyi Hong , Zhi-Quan Luo

In this paper, we investigate cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) systems in which access points (APs) are equipped with fluid antennas (FAs) and develop a comprehensive framework for channel estimation, antenna port selection, and uplink…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Maryam Olyaee , Giovanni Interdonato , Stefano Buzzi

Cell-free massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) enhances spectral and energy efficiency compared to conventional cellular networks by enabling joint transmission and reception across a large number of distributed access points…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

This work aims to design a cellular network for maximal energy efficiency (EE). In particular, we consider the uplink with multi-antenna base stations and assume that zero- forcing (ZF) combining is used for data detection with imperfect…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-19 Andrea Pizzo , Daniel Verenzuela , Luca Sanguinetti , Emil Björnson