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Vision Language Models (VLMs) show impressive capabilities in integrating and reasoning with both visual and language data. But these models make mistakes. A common finding -- similar to LLMs -- is their tendency to hallucinate, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Sotirios Panagiotis Chytas , Miso Choi , Hyunwoo J. Kim , Vikas Singh

While large vision-language models (LVLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in generating plausible responses correlated with input visual contents, they still suffer from hallucinations, where the generated text inaccurately reflects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yi-Lun Lee , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Wei-Chen Chiu

Humans perform visual perception at multiple levels, including low-level object recognition and high-level semantic interpretation such as behavior understanding. Subtle differences in low-level details can lead to substantial changes in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Guanzhen Li , Yuxi Xie , Min-Yen Kan

Hallucinations in large vision-language models (LVLMs) are a significant challenge, i.e., generating objects that are not presented in the visual input, which impairs their reliability. Recent studies often attribute hallucinations to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Yuying Shang , Xinyi Zeng , Yutao Zhu , Xiao Yang , Zhengwei Fang , Jingyuan Zhang , Jiawei Chen , Zinan Liu , Yu Tian

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) often hallucinate content that is fluent yet unsupported by the image, limiting their reliability in real-world deployment. We show that a key failure mode arises from route competition: even when visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhe Cheng , Wenyu Chen , Fode Zhang , Dehuan Shen

This work introduces a novel methodology for the automatic detection of hallucinations generated during large language model (LLM) inference. The proposed approach is based on a systematic taxonomy and controlled reproduction of diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Maksym Zavhorodnii , Dmytro Dehtiarov , Anna Konovalenko

Visual attention serves as the primary mechanism through which MLLMs interpret visual information; however, its limited localization capability often leads to hallucinations. We observe that although MLLMs can accurately extract visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Jianfei Zhao , Feng Zhang , Xin Sun , Chong Feng , Zhixing Tan

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable progress on visual perception and linguistic interpretation. Despite their impressive capabilities across various tasks, LVLMs still suffer from the issue of hallucination, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xingwei He , Qianru Zhang , A-Long Jin , Yuan Yuan , Siu-Ming Yiu

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) tuned on machine-generated instruction-following data have demonstrated remarkable performance in various multi-modal understanding and generation tasks. However, the hallucinations inherent in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Qifan Yu , Juncheng Li , Longhui Wei , Liang Pang , Wentao Ye , Bosheng Qin , Siliang Tang , Qi Tian , Yueting Zhuang

In the study of LLMs, sycophancy represents a prevalent hallucination that poses significant challenges to these models. Specifically, LLMs often fail to adhere to original correct responses, instead blindly agreeing with users' opinions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Shuo Li , Tao Ji , Xiaoran Fan , Linsheng Lu , Leyi Yang , Yuming Yang , Zhiheng Xi , Rui Zheng , Yuran Wang , Xiaohui Zhao , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) pose a significant challenge, generating misleading or unverifiable content that undermines trust and reliability. Existing evaluation methods, such as KnowHalu, employ multi-stage verification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Chenggong Zhang , Haopeng Wang , Hexi Meng

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) achieve strong multimodal reasoning but frequently exhibit hallucinations and incorrect responses with high certainty, which hinders their usage in high-stakes domains. Existing verbalized confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Wenyi Xiao , Xinchi Xu , Leilei Gan

Large-scale vision-language models have demonstrated impressive skill in handling tasks that involve both areas. Nevertheless, these models frequently experience significant issues with generating inaccurate information, which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Huixuan Zhang , Junzhe Zhang , Xiaojun Wan

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) may produce outputs that are unfaithful to reality, also known as visual hallucinations (VH), which significantly impedes their real-world usage. To alleviate VH, various decoding strategies have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Xianwei Zhuang , Zhihong Zhu , Yuxin Xie , Liming Liang , Yuexian Zou

Tool-augmented large language models (LLMs) are rapidly being integrated into real-world applications. Due to the lack of benchmarks, the community has yet to fully understand the hallucination issues within these models. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yuxiang Zhang , Jing Chen , Junjie Wang , Yaxin Liu , Cheng Yang , Chufan Shi , Xinyu Zhu , Zihao Lin , Hanwen Wan , Yujiu Yang , Tetsuya Sakai , Tian Feng , Hayato Yamana

Despite the promising progress in multi-modal tasks, current large multi-modal models (LMMs) are prone to hallucinating inconsistent descriptions with respect to the associated image and human instructions. This paper addresses this issue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Fuxiao Liu , Kevin Lin , Linjie Li , Jianfeng Wang , Yaser Yacoob , Lijuan Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have gained broad applications across various domains but still struggle with hallucinations. Currently, hallucinations occur frequently in the generation of factual content and pose a great challenge to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zouying Cao , Yifei Yang , XiaoJing Li , Hai Zhao

Hallucinations pose a significant challenge to the reliability and alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs), limiting their widespread acceptance beyond chatbot applications. Despite ongoing efforts, hallucinations remain a prevalent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Cem Uluoglakci , Tugba Taskaya Temizel

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) remain vulnerable to hallucination, often generating content misaligned with visual inputs. Although recent training-based approaches aim to mitigate hallucination, they typically rely on predefined or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shujun Liu , Siyuan Wang , Zejun Li , Jianxiang Wang , Cheng Zeng , Zhongyu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing, achieving remarkable performance across diverse tasks. However, their impressive fluency often comes at the cost of producing false or fabricated information, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Aisha Alansari , Hamzah Luqman
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