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Appropriate communication is crucial for efficient and safe interactions between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles (AVs). External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) on AVs, which can be categorized as allocentric or egocentric, are…
Automated vehicles (AVs) must communicate their yielding intentions to pedestrians at crossings. External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs, on-vehicle displays) are promising solutions, but were primarily tested with walking pedestrians.…
Compared to a manual driving vehicle (MV), an automated driving vehicle lacks a way to communicate with the pedestrian through the driver when it interacts with the pedestrian because the driver usually does not participate in driving…
Policymakers advocate for the use of external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) to allow autonomous vehicles (AVs) to communicate their intentions or status. Nonetheless, scalability concerns in complex traffic scenarios arise, such as…
External human-machine interface (eHMI) is considered as a new explicit communication method for pedestrian-AV interactions, particularly in encounter scenarios. Pedestrians without prior negotiation experience with eHMI may misinterpret…
Increasing autonomous vehicles (AVs) in transportation systems makes effective interactions between AVs and pedestrians indispensable. External human--machine interface (eHMI), which employs visual or auditory cues to explicitly convey…
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) tend to disrupt the atmosphere and pedestrian experience in urban shared spaces, undermining the focus of these spaces on people and placemaking. We investigate how external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs)…
In recent years, researchers and manufacturers have started to investigate ways to enable autonomous vehicles (AVs) to interact with nearby pedestrians in compensation for the absence of human drivers. The majority of these efforts focuses…
This paper presents the results of real-world testing of human-vehicle interactions with an autonomous vehicle equipped with internal and external Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) in a crosswalk scenario. The internal and external HMIs were…
Each year, over half of global traffic fatalities involve vulnerable road users (e.g. pedestrians), often due to human error. Level-5 automated driving systems (ADSs) could reduce driver errors contributing to pedestrian accidents, though…
A shared space area is a low-speed urban area in which pedestrians, cyclists, and vehicles share the road, often relying on informal interaction rules and greatly expanding freedom of movement for pedestrians and cyclists. While shared…
This study presents the outcomes of empirical investigations pertaining to human-vehicle interactions involving an autonomous vehicle equipped with both internal and external Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) within a crosswalk scenario. The…
Interactions between pedestrians and automated vehicles (AVs) will increase significantly with the popularity of AV. However, pedestrians often have not enough trust on the AVs , particularly when they are confused about an AV's intention…
With automated vehicles (AVs), the absence of a human operator could necessitate external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) to communicate with other road users. Existing research primarily focuses on pedestrian-AV interactions, with limited…
As autonomous vehicles are gradually being deployed in the real world, external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to serve as a critical solution for enhancing vehicle-pedestrian communication. However, existing eHMI designs…
In comparison to conventional traffic designs, shared spaces promote a more pleasant urban environment with slower motorized movement, smoother traffic, and less congestion. In the foreseeable future, shared spaces will be populated with a…
In this article, we report on the design and evaluation of an external human-machine interface (eHMI) for a real autonomous vehicle (AV), developed to operate as a shared transport pod in a pedestrianized urban space. We present insights…
Autonomous Personal Mobility Vehicles (APMVs) are designed to address the ``last-mile'' transportation challenge for everyone. When an APMV encounters a pedestrian, it uses an external Human-Machine Interface (eHMI) to negotiate road…
Given pedestrians' vulnerability in road traffic, it remains unclear how novel AV appearances will impact pedestrians crossing behaviour. To address this gap, this study pioneers an investigation into the influence of AVs' exterior design,…
External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMI) are widely used on robots and autonomous vehicles to convey the machine's intent to humans. Delivery robots are getting common, and they share the sidewalk along with the pedestrians. Current…