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The utilisation of deep learning segmentation algorithms that learn complex organs and tissue patterns and extract essential regions of interest from the noisy background to improve the visual ability for medical image diagnosis has…

Neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks: adding well-crafted, imperceptible perturbations to their input can modify their output. Adversarial training is one of the most effective approaches in training robust models against…

This paper presents a static electrical impedance tomography (EIT) technique that evaluates abdominal obesity by estimating the thickness of subcutaneous fat. EIT has a fundamental drawback for absolute admittivity imaging because of its…

Automatic cell segmentation is an essential step in the pipeline of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), such as the detection and grading of breast cancer. Accurate segmentation of cells can not only assist the pathologists to make a more…

In this work, we examine the effectiveness of an uncertainty quantification framework known as Evidential Deep Learning applied in the context of biomedical image segmentation. This class of models involves assigning Dirichlet distributions…

Network embedding represents nodes in a continuous vector space and preserves structure information from the Network. Existing methods usually adopt a "one-size-fits-all" approach when concerning multi-scale structure information, such as…

Organ segmentation in CT volumes is an important pre-processing step in many computer assisted intervention and diagnosis methods. In recent years, convolutional neural networks have dominated the state of the art in this task. However,…

The quantification of fat depots on the surroundings of the heart is an accurate procedure for evaluating health risk factors correlated with several diseases. However, this type of evaluation is not widely employed in clinical practice due…

Deploying deep learning (DL) models in medical applications relies on predictive performance and other critical factors, such as conveying trustworthy predictive uncertainty. Uncertainty estimation (UE) methods provide potential solutions…

Adversarial training (AT) aims to improve the robustness of deep learning models by mixing clean data and adversarial examples (AEs). Most existing AT approaches can be grouped into restricted and unrestricted approaches. Restricted AT…

Simultaneous multi-index quantification, segmentation, and uncertainty estimation of liver tumors on multi-modality non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (NCMRI) are crucial for accurate diagnosis. However, existing methods lack an…

In ultrasound shear wave elasticity (SWE) imaging, a number of algorithms exist for estimating the shear wave speed (SWS) from spatiotemporal displacement data. However, no method provides a well-calibrated and practical uncertainty metric,…

The deposits of fat on the surroundings of the heart are correlated to several health risk factors such as atherosclerosis, carotid stiffness, coronary artery calcification, atrial fibrillation and many others. These deposits vary unrelated…

Unsupervised domain adaptive object detection aims to adapt detectors from a labelled source domain to an unlabelled target domain. Most existing works take a two-stage strategy that first generates region proposals and then detects objects…

Cardiac segmentation of atriums, ventricles, and myocardium in computed tomography (CT) images is an important first-line task for presymptomatic cardiovascular disease diagnosis. In several recent studies, deep learning models have shown…

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the functional significance of coronary stenosis by analyzing low-level radiomic features of the pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) surrounding the lesions, which are indicative of its inflammation…

Neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks -- small visually imperceptible crafted noise which when added to the input drastically changes the output. The most effective method of defending against these adversarial attacks is to…

Deep neural networks can be easily fooled into making incorrect predictions through corruption of the input by adversarial perturbations: human-imperceptible artificial noise. So far adversarial training has been the most successful defense…

Objective: Recognizing retinal vessel abnormity is vital to early diagnosis of ophthalmological diseases and cardiovascular events. However, segmentation results are highly influenced by elusive vessels, especially in low-contrast…

Detecting breast lesion in videos is crucial for computer-aided diagnosis. Existing video-based breast lesion detection approaches typically perform temporal feature aggregation of deep backbone features based on the self-attention…