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Related papers: Oscillations between Grid-Forming Converters in We…

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Power electronic converters for integrating renewable energy resources into power systems can be divided into grid-forming and grid-following inverters. They possess certain similarities, but several important differences, which means that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-28 Yitong Li , Yunjie Gu , Timothy C. Green

In modern power systems, grid-forming power converters (GFMCs) have emerged as an enabling technology. However, the modeling of single-phase GFMCs faces new challenges. In particular, the nonlinear orthogonal signal generation unit, crucial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-18 Wenjia Si , Chenming Liu , Steven Liu , Hongchang Li , Chenghui Zhang , Jingyang Fang

The frequency stability of a power system is of paramount importance, as a fast frequency swings in the system can lead to oscillatory instability, and thereby blackouts. A grid-connected microgrid, that can operate in the islanded mode can…

This paper presents an analytical approach to explore the damping effect of inner loops on grid-forming converters. First, an impedance model is proposed to characterize the behaviors of inner loops, thereby illustrating their influence on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-17 Liang Zhao , Xiongfei Wang , Zheming Jin

This letter determines the nonlinear stability boundary of a wind power plant (WPP) connected to an AC power grid via a long HVAC cable. The analysis focuses on the slow Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) dynamics, with an assumption that the fast…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-15 Sujay Ghosh , Mohammad Kazem Bakhshizadeh , Guangya Yang , Lukasz Kocewiak

The reliance on distributed renewable energy has increased recently. As a result, power electronic-based distributed generators replaced synchronous generators which led to a change in the dynamic characteristics of the microgrid. Most…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Waleed Breesam , Rezvan Alamian , Nima Tashakor , Brahim Elkhalil Youcefa , Stefan M. Goetz

The MMC-HVDC connected offshore wind farms (OWFs) could suffer short circuit fault (SCF), whereas their transient stability is not well analysed. In this paper, the mechanism of the loss of synchronization (LOS) of this system is analysed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-26 Yu Zhang , Chen Zhang , Renxin Yang , Jing Lyu , Li Liu , Xu Cai

Grid-forming (GFM) converters are generally expected to exhibit low impedance near the fundamental frequency due to their voltage-source behavior. However, an impedance peak and a negative-resistance region are consistently observed in this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Chao Wu , Jinhao Wang , Yong Wang , Changjiang Zhan , Frede Blaabjerg

Interconnected power grid exhibits oscillatory response after a disturbance in the system. One such type of oscillations, the inter-area oscillations has the oscillation frequency in the range of 0.1 to 1 Hz. The damping of inter-area…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-17 Abilash Thakallapelli , Sukumar Kamalasadan

The shift from traditional synchronous generator (SG) based power generation to generation driven by power electronic devices introduces new dynamic phenomena and considerations for the control of large-scale power systems. In this paper,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Matt Baughman , Marena Trujillo , Bri-Mathias Hodge , Emily Jensen

This paper presents a novel strategy for the synchronization of grid-following Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) in power systems with low rotational inertia. The proposed synchronization unit is based on emulating the physical properties of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-30 Ognjen Stanojev , Uros Markovic , Petros Aristidou , Gabriela Hug

A rapid deployment of renewable generation has led to significant reduction in the rotational system inertia and damping, thus making frequency control in power systems more challenging. This paper proposes a novel control scheme based on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-07 Ognjen Stanojev , Uros Markovic , Petros Aristidou , Gabriela Hug , Duncan Callaway , Evangelos Vrettos

A case study on modeling adequacy of a grid in presence of renewable resources based on grid-forming converters (GFCs) is the subject matter of this paper. For this purpose, a 4-machine 11-bus IEEE benchmark model is modified by considering…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Lilan Karunaratne , Nilanjan Ray Chaudhuri , Amirthagunaraj Yogarathnam , Meng Yue

The absolute requirement to increase the amount of energy generation from renewable sources e.g. predominantly asynchronously connected wind turbines and photovoltaic installations, may in practice during transient events (where frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-14 Marios Zarifakis , William T. Coffey , Yuri P. Kalmykov , Serguey V. Titov , Declan J. Byrne , Stephen J. Carrig

The relevant integration of wind power into the grid has involved a remarkable impact on power system operation, mainly in terms of security and reliability due to the inherent loss of the rotational inertia as a consequence of such new…

The significant electrical distance between wind power collection points and the main grid poses challenges for weak grid-connected wind power systems. A new type of voltage oscillation phenomenon induced by repeated low voltage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-09 Qiping Lai , Chen Shen , Dongsheng Li

The popular single-input single-output control structures and classic design methods (e.g., root locus analysis) for the power control of grid-forming converters have limitations in applying to different line characteristics and providing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-02 Meng Chen , Dao Zhou , Ali Tayyebi , Eduardo Prieto-Araujo , Florian Dörfler , Frede Blaabjerg

This paper proposed a model predictive control (MPC) secondary frequency control method considering wind and solar power generation stochastics. The extended state-space matrix including unknown stochastic power disturbance is established,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Cheng Zhong , Zhifu Jiang , Xiangyu Zhang , Jikai Chen , Yang Li

The electrical grid is evolving from a network consisting of mostly synchronous machines to a mixture of synchronous machines and inverter-based resources such as wind, solar, and energy storage. This transformation has led to a decrease in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-29 Atinuke Ademola-Idowu , Baosen Zhang

This paper proposes a wideband composite sequence impedance model (WCSIM)-based analysis method to evaluate the interactions in power-electronic-based power systems subjected to unbalanced grid faults or with unbalanced loads. The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Zhi Liu , Chengxi Liu , Jiangbei Han , Rui Qiu , Mingyuan Liu