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Multilingual representations have mostly been evaluated based on their performance on specific tasks. In this article, we look beyond engineering goals and analyze the relations between languages in computational representations. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Lisa Beinborn , Rochelle Choenni

Multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems mostly benefit low resource languages but suffer degradation in performance across several languages relative to their monolingual counterparts. Limited studies have focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Muhammad Umar Farooq , Thomas Hain

This paper explores the idea of using phonemes as a textual representation within a conventional multilingual simultaneous speech-to-speech translation pipeline, as opposed to the traditional reliance on text-based language representations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Rene Pilz , Johannes Schneider

Multilingual LLMs often have knowledge disparities across languages, with larger gaps in under-resourced languages. Teaching LLMs to abstain in the face of knowledge gaps is thus a promising strategy to mitigate hallucinations in…

Only a handful of the world's languages are abundant with the resources that enable practical applications of speech processing technologies. One of the methods to overcome this problem is to use the resources existing in other languages to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Piotr Żelasko , Laureano Moro-Velázquez , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Odette Scharenborg , Najim Dehak

One of the many tasks facing the typically-developing child language learner is learning to discriminate between the distinctive sounds that make up words in their native language. Here we investigate whether multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Sophia Zhi , Roger P. Levy , Stephan C. Meylan

Recent studies on pronunciation scoring have explored the effect of introducing phone embeddings as reference pronunciation, but mostly in an implicit manner, i.e., addition or concatenation of reference phone embedding and actual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Wei Liu , Kaiqi Fu , Xiaohai Tian , Shuju Shi , Wei Li , Zejun Ma , Tan Lee

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) possess impressive multilingual understanding and generation capabilities. However, their performance and cross-lingual alignment often lag for non-dominant languages. A common solution is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Mengyu Bu , Shaolei Zhang , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Yang Feng

Cross-lingual transfer is a popular approach to increase the amount of training data for NLP tasks in a low-resource context. However, the best strategy to decide which cross-lingual data to include is unclear. Prior research often focuses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Verena Blaschke , Masha Fedzechkina , Maartje ter Hoeve

Multilinguality is crucial for extending recent advancements in language modelling to diverse linguistic communities. To maintain high performance while representing multiple languages, multilingual models ideally align representations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Anton Schäfer , Shauli Ravfogel , Thomas Hofmann , Tiago Pimentel , Imanol Schlag

In this work, we provide a systematic and comprehensive empirical comparison of pretrained multilingual language models versus their monolingual counterparts with regard to their monolingual task performance. We study a set of nine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Phillip Rust , Jonas Pfeiffer , Ivan Vulić , Sebastian Ruder , Iryna Gurevych

Multilingual pre-trained models have demonstrated their effectiveness in many multilingual NLP tasks and enabled zero-shot or few-shot transfer from high-resource languages to low resource ones. However, due to significant typological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Yimin Fan , Yaobo Liang , Alexandre Muzio , Hany Hassan , Houqiang Li , Ming Zhou , Nan Duan

Recent end-to-end robotic manipulation research increasingly adopts architectures inspired by large language models to enable robust manipulation. However, a critical challenge arises from severe distribution shifts between robotic action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yuchi Zhang , Churui Sun , Shiqi Liang , Diyuan Liu , Chao Ji , Wei-Nan Zhang , Ting Liu

We introduce and demonstrate how to effectively train multilingual machine translation models with pixel representations. We experiment with two different data settings with a variety of language and script coverage, demonstrating improved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Elizabeth Salesky , Neha Verma , Philipp Koehn , Matt Post

Training automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems requires large amounts of data in the target language in order to achieve good performance. Whereas large training corpora are readily available for languages like English, there exists a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2017-11-15 Markus Müller , Sebastian Stüker , Alex Waibel

Reasoning language models (RLMs) achieve strong performance on complex reasoning tasks, yet they still exhibit a multilingual reasoning gap, performing better in high-resource languages than in low-resource ones. While recent efforts have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Deokhyung Kang , Seonjeong Hwang , Daehui Kim , Hyounghun Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

Much work in cross-lingual transfer learning explored how to select better transfer languages for multilingual tasks, primarily focusing on typological and genealogical similarities between languages. We hypothesize that these measures of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Jimin Sun , Hwijeen Ahn , Chan Young Park , Yulia Tsvetkov , David R. Mortensen

Many natural language processing (NLP) tasks involve reasoning with textual spans, including question answering, entity recognition, and coreference resolution. While extensive research has focused on functional architectures for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Shubham Toshniwal , Haoyue Shi , Bowen Shi , Lingyu Gao , Karen Livescu , Kevin Gimpel

Understanding the representations of different languages in multilingual language models is essential for comprehending their cross-lingual properties, predicting their performance on downstream tasks, and identifying any biases across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Cheril Shah , Yashashree Chandak , Manan Suri

Recent works have explored deep architectures for learning multimodal speech representation (e.g. audio and images, articulation and audio) in a supervised way. Here we investigate the role of combining different speech modalities, i.e.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Rahma Chaabouni , Ewan Dunbar , Neil Zeghidour , Emmanuel Dupoux