English
Related papers

Related papers: On the Arrow of Inference

200 papers

Our observed Universe has a very strong arrow of time rooted in its low entropy starting point. This low entropy start can be related to various "tuning puzzles" about the early state of the Universe. Here we explore the relationship…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-12-28 Andreas Albrecht , Rose Baunach , Andrew Arrasmith

In this paper we lay out an argument that generically the psychological arrow of time should align with the thermodynamic arrow of time where that arrow is well-defined. This argument applies to any physical system that can act as a memory,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-17 Leonard Mlodinow , Todd A. Brun

Spike patterns have been reported to encode sensory information in several brain areas. Here we assess the role of specific patterns in the neural code, by comparing the amount of information transmitted with different choices of the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2009-12-14 Hugo Gabriel Eyherabide , Ines Samengo

Developing high-performing, yet interpretable models remains a critical challenge in modern AI. Concept-based models (CBMs) attempt to address this by extracting human-understandable concepts from a global encoding (e.g., image encoding)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 David Steinmann , Wolfgang Stammer , Antonia Wüst , Kristian Kersting

Scientific discussions of the arrow of time often get quite confusing due to highly complex systems they deal with. Popular literature then often coveys messages that tend to get lost in translation. The purpose of this note is to demystify…

Popular Physics · Physics 2024-08-29 Zura Kakushadze

Commonsense knowledge-graphs (CKGs) are important resources towards building machines that can 'reason' on text or environmental inputs and make inferences beyond perception. While current CKGs encode world knowledge for a large number of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Shantanu Jaiswal , Liu Yan , Dongkyu Choi , Kenneth Kwok

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have become a popular approach to enable interpretability in neural networks by constraining classifier inputs to a set of human-understandable concepts. While effective, current models embed concepts in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Daniel Uyterlinde , Swasti Shreya Mishra , Pascal Mettes

To date, most dendritic studies have predominantly focused on the apical zone of pyramidal two-point neurons (TPNs) receiving only feedback (FB) connections from higher perceptual layers and using them for learning. Recent cellular…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-21 Mohsin Raza , Ahsan Adeel

Due to the self-referencing aspect, consciousness is placed in a unique non-computable position among natural phenomena. Non-computable consciousness was previously analyzed on the basis of self-referential cyclical time. This paper extends…

General Physics · Physics 2017-08-04 Daegene Song

Human social behavior is structured by relationships. We form teams, groups, tribes, and alliances at all scales of human life. These structures guide multi-agent cooperation and competition, but when we observe others these underlying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Michael Shum , Max Kleiman-Weiner , Michael L. Littman , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the central role that the time asymmetry of stability plays in feedback control. We show that this provides a new perspective on the use of doubly-infinite or semi-infinite time axes for signal…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-02-24 Tryphon T. Georgiou , Malcolm C. Smith

Driven by the term "the arrow of time" as a general topic, the article develops a musical discussion by referring to the etymological origin of the term: philosophy (epistemology) and physics (thermodynamics). In particular, the article…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Qi Xu

We develop a learning-theoretic framework for understanding Chain of Thought (CoT). We model CoT as the interaction between an answer map and a chain rule that generates intermediate questions autoregressively, and define the reasoning risk…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yue Zhang , Zhiyi Dong , Tommaso Cesari , Yongyi Mao

Circuit discovery has recently attracted attention as a potential research direction to explain the non-trivial behaviors of language models. It aims to find the computational subgraphs, also known as circuits, within the model that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Tian Bian , Yifan Niu , Chaohao Yuan , Chengzhi Piao , Bingzhe Wu , Long-Kai Huang , Yu Rong , Tingyang Xu , Hong Cheng , Jia Li

Humans are adept at uncovering abstract associations in the world around them, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Intuitively, learning the higher-order structure of statistical relationships should involve complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-26 Christopher W. Lynn , Ari E. Kahn , Nathaniel Nyema , Danielle S. Bassett

Active inference is a normative framework for explaining behaviour under the free energy principle -- a theory of self-organisation originating in neuroscience. It specifies neuronal dynamics for state-estimation in terms of a descent on…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-10-26 Lancelot Da Costa , Thomas Parr , Biswa Sengupta , Karl Friston

Usually gradual and continuous changes in entities will lead to appear events. But usually it is supposed that an event is occurred at once. In this research an integrated framework called continuous occurrence theory (COT) is presented to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-14 Abdorrahman Haeri

Human problem-solving is never the repetition of a single mindset, by which we mean a distinct mode of cognitive processing. When tackling a specific task, we do not rely on a single mindset; instead, we integrate multiple mindsets within…

Situationally-aware artificial agents operating with competence in natural environments face several challenges: spatial awareness, object affordance detection, dynamic changes and unpredictability. A critical challenge is the agent's…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Mihai Pomarlan , Stefano De Giorgis , Rachel Ringe , Maria M. Hedblom , Nikolaos Tsiogkas

The brain achieves stability and plasticity in a topologically complex, shifting world through Metric-Topology Factorization (MTF), separating discrete topological indexing for context selection from continuous metric condensation for local…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-05 Xin Li