English
Related papers

Related papers: Cost-Efficient Subjective Task Annotation and Mode…

200 papers

Many natural language processing (NLP) tasks rely on labeled data to train machine learning models with high performance. However, data annotation is time-consuming and expensive, especially when the task involves a large amount of data or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Xingwei He , Zhenghao Lin , Yeyun Gong , A-Long Jin , Hang Zhang , Chen Lin , Jian Jiao , Siu Ming Yiu , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

Attention level estimation systems have a high potential in many use cases, such as human-robot interaction, driver modeling and smart home systems, since being able to measure a person's attention level opens the possibility to natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Andrea Coifman , Péter Rohoska , Miklas S. Kristoffersen , Sven E. Shepstone , Zheng-Hua Tan

Annotator disagreement is ubiquitous in natural language processing (NLP) tasks. There are multiple reasons for such disagreements, including the subjectivity of the task, difficult cases, unclear guidelines, and so on. Rather than simply…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Naihao Deng , Xinliang Frederick Zhang , Siyang Liu , Winston Wu , Lu Wang , Rada Mihalcea

Despite growing interest in using large language models (LLMs) to automate annotation, their effectiveness in complex, nuanced, and multi-dimensional labelling tasks remains relatively underexplored. This study focuses on annotation for the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Leila Tavakoli , Hamed Zamani

NLP datasets annotated with human judgments are rife with disagreements between the judges. This is especially true for tasks depending on subjective judgments such as sentiment analysis or offensive language detection. Particularly in…

From content moderation to wildlife conservation, the number of applications that require models to recognize nuanced or subjective visual concepts is growing. Traditionally, developing classifiers for such concepts requires substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Imad Eddine Toubal , Aditya Avinash , Neil Gordon Alldrin , Jan Dlabal , Wenlei Zhou , Enming Luo , Otilia Stretcu , Hao Xiong , Chun-Ta Lu , Howard Zhou , Ranjay Krishna , Ariel Fuxman , Tom Duerig

Abstractive summarization models are typically pre-trained on large amounts of generic texts, then fine-tuned on tens or hundreds of thousands of annotated samples. However, in opinion summarization, large annotated datasets of reviews…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Arthur Bražinskas , Ramesh Nallapati , Mohit Bansal , Markus Dreyer

Suicidal ideation detection is critical for real-time suicide prevention, yet its progress faces two under-explored challenges: limited language coverage and unreliable annotation practices. Most available datasets are in English, but even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Amina Dzafic , Merve Kavut , Ulya Bayram

The annotation of domain experts is important for some medical applications where the objective ground truth is ambiguous to define, e.g., the rehabilitation for some chronic diseases, and the prescreening of some musculoskeletal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Chongyang Wang , Yuan Gao , Chenyou Fan , Junjie Hu , Tin Lun Lam , Nicholas D. Lane , Nadia Bianchi-Berthouze

Opinion summarization is the task of automatically generating summaries for a set of reviews about a specific target (e.g., a movie or a product). Since the number of reviews for each target can be prohibitively large, neural network-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Reinald Kim Amplayo , Mirella Lapata

Annotation studies often require annotators to familiarize themselves with the task, its annotation scheme, and the data domain. This can be overwhelming in the beginning, mentally taxing, and induce errors into the resulting annotations;…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Ji-Ung Lee , Jan-Christoph Klie , Iryna Gurevych

Systems like Voice-command based conversational agents are characterized by a pre-defined set of skills or intents to perform user specified tasks. In the course of time, newer intents may emerge requiring retraining. However, the newer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Ankan Mullick , Sukannya Purkayastha , Pawan Goyal , Niloy Ganguly

Morality plays an important role in culture, identity, and emotion. Recent advances in natural language processing have shown that it is possible to classify moral values expressed in text at scale. Morality classification relies on human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Negar Mokhberian , Frederic R. Hopp , Bahareh Harandizadeh , Fred Morstatter , Kristina Lerman

Efficiently evaluating the performance of text-to-image models is difficult as it inherently requires subjective judgment and human preference, making it hard to compare different models and quantify the state of the art. Leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Dimitrios Christodoulou , Mads Kuhlmann-Jørgensen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly positioned as scalable tools for annotating educational data, including classroom discourse, interaction logs, and qualitative learning artifacts. Their ability to rapidly summarize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Bakhtawar Ahtisham , Kirk Vanacore , Rene F. Kizilcec

Automated object detection has become increasingly valuable across diverse applications, yet efficient, high-quality annotation remains a persistent challenge. In this paper, we present the development and evaluation of a platform designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Sönke Tenckhoff , Mario Koddenbrock , Erik Rodner

Subjective judgments are part of several NLP datasets and recent work is increasingly prioritizing models whose outputs reflect this diversity of perspectives. Such responses allow us to shed light on minority voices, which are frequently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Urja Khurana , Michiel van der Meer , Enrico Liscio , Antske Fokkens , Pradeep K. Murukannaiah

Traditional image annotation tasks rely heavily on human effort for object selection and label assignment, making the process time-consuming and prone to decreased efficiency as annotators experience fatigue after extensive work. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 He Zhang , Xinyi Fu , John M. Carroll

As the NLP community increasingly addresses challenges associated with multilingualism, robust annotation tools are essential to handle multilingual datasets efficiently. In this paper, we introduce a code-mixed multilingual text annotation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Rajvee Sheth , Shubh Nisar , Heenaben Prajapati , Himanshu Beniwal , Mayank Singh

In supervised learning, low quality annotations lead to poorly performing classification and detection models, while also rendering evaluation unreliable. This is particularly apparent on temporal data, where annotation quality is affected…