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Adapting large language models (LLMs) to new languages typically involves continual pre-training (CT) followed by supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, this CT-then-SFT approach struggles with limited data in the context of low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Mingxu Tao , Chen Zhang , Quzhe Huang , Tianyao Ma , Songfang Huang , Dongyan Zhao , Yansong Feng

Large language models respond well in high-resource languages like English but struggle in low-resource languages. It may arise from the lack of high-quality instruction following data in these languages. Directly translating English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Chong Li , Wen Yang , Jiajun Zhang , Jinliang Lu , Shaonan Wang , Chengqing Zong

This paper studies constrained text generation, which is to generate sentences under certain pre-conditions. We focus on CommonGen, the task of generating text based on a set of concepts, as a representative task of constrained text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Yixian Liu , Liwen Zhang , Wenjuan Han , Yue Zhang , Kewei Tu

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) often demonstrate a performance gap between English and non-English languages, particularly in low-resource settings. Aligning these models to low-resource languages is essential yet challenging due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Rakesh Paul , Anusha Kamath , Kanishk Singla , Raviraj Joshi , Utkarsh Vaidya , Sanjay Singh Chauhan , Niranjan Wartikar

Machine translation in low-resource language pairs faces significant challenges due to the scarcity of parallel corpora and linguistic resources. This study focuses on the case of English-Marathi language pairs, where existing datasets are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Nidhi Kowtal , Tejas Deshpande , Raviraj Joshi

Conditional text generation has been a challenging task that is yet to see human-level performance from state-of-the-art models. In this work, we specifically focus on the Commongen benchmark, wherein the aim is to generate a plausible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Yikang Li , Pulkit Goel , Varsha Kuppur Rajendra , Har Simrat Singh , Jonathan Francis , Kaixin Ma , Eric Nyberg , Alessandro Oltramari

The remarkable ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to understand and follow instructions has sometimes been limited by their in-context learning (ICL) performance in low-resource languages. To address this, we introduce a novel approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Xiaoqian Li , Ercong Nie , Sheng Liang

Cross-lingual knowledge transfer is critical for building high-performing multilingual language models for languages with insufficient training data. When target language data is scarce, the knowledge required for many downstream tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Anastasiia Sedova , Natalie Schluter , Skyler Seto , Maartje ter Hoeve

Instruction tuning has become a key technique for enhancing the performance of large language models, enabling them to better follow human prompts. However, low-resource languages such as Luxembourgish face severe limitations due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Fred Philippy , Laura Bernardy , Siwen Guo , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

LLMs like GPT are great at tasks involving English which dominates in their training data. In this paper, we look at how they cope with tasks involving languages that are severely under-represented in their training data, in the context of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Michela Lorandi , Anya Belz

A comprehensive and high-quality lexicon plays a crucial role in traditional text classification approaches. And it improves the utilization of the linguistic knowledge. Although it is helpful for the task, the lexicon has got little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-19 QingBiao LI , Chunhua Wu , Kangfeng Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across a wide range of tasks and domains. However, their performance in low-resource language translation, particularly when translating into these languages, remains…

Knowledge gaps and hallucinations are persistent challenges for Large Language Models (LLMs), which generate unreliable responses when lacking the necessary information to fulfill user instructions. Existing approaches, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Riccardo Pozzi , Matteo Palmonari , Andrea Coletta , Luigi Bellomarini , Jens Lehmann , Sahar Vahdati

Pre-trained language models have revolutionized the natural language understanding landscape, most notably BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers). However, a significant challenge remains for low-resource languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Piotr Rybak

Multiple critical scenarios (like Wikipedia text generation given English Infoboxes) need automated generation of descriptive text in low resource (LR) languages from English fact triples. Previous work has focused on English fact-to-text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Tushar Abhishek , Shivprasad Sagare , Bhavyajeet Singh , Anubhav Sharma , Manish Gupta , Vasudeva Varma

Cross-lingual in-context learning (XICL) has emerged as a transformative paradigm for leveraging large language models (LLMs) to tackle multilingual tasks, especially for low-resource languages. However, existing approaches often rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Mateo Alejandro Rojas , Rafael Carranza

Text-to-SQL generation enables non-experts to interact with databases via natural language. Recent advances rely on large closed-source models like GPT-4 that present challenges in accessibility, privacy, and latency. To address these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Satya Krishna Gorti , Ilan Gofman , Zhaoyan Liu , Jiapeng Wu , Noël Vouitsis , Guangwei Yu , Jesse C. Cresswell , Rasa Hosseinzadeh

Owing to their reasoning capabilities, large language models (LLMs) have been evaluated on planning tasks described in natural language. However, LLMs have largely been tested on planning domains without constraints. In order to deploy them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Periklis Mantenoglou , Rishi Hazra , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt

Large Language models (LLMs) have achieved encouraging results in tabular data generation. However, existing approaches require fine-tuning, which is computationally expensive. This paper explores an alternative: prompting a fixed LLM with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Liancheng Fang , Aiwei Liu , Hengrui Zhang , Henry Peng Zou , Weizhi Zhang , Philip S. Yu

Lexical substitution is the task of generating meaningful substitutes for a word in a given textual context. Contextual word embedding models have achieved state-of-the-art results in the lexical substitution task by relying on contextual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-04 George Michalopoulos , Ian McKillop , Alexander Wong , Helen Chen