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Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) is emerging as a potentially transformative paradigm for modeling complex biomedical systems by integrating parameterized physical laws with data-driven methods. Here, we review three main classes of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Nazanin Ahmadi , Qianying Cao , Jay D. Humphrey , George Em Karniadakis

Diffusion models provide expressive priors for forecasting trajectories of dynamical systems, but are typically unreliable in the sparse data regime. Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) improves reliability in such settings; however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Kaiyuan Tan , Kendra Givens , Peilun Li , Thomas Beckers

The integration of machine learning (ML) with traditional physics-based models is reshaping the landscape of weather and climate prediction. On their own, ML-based and physics-based approaches each have significant benefits - but also…

The physics-based modeling has been the workhorse for many decades in many scientific and engineering applications ranging from wind power, weather forecasting, and aircraft design. Recently, data-driven models are increasingly becoming…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-01-18 Suraj Pawar , Shady E. Ahmed , Omer San , Adil Rasheed

Joint models are a common and important tool in the intersection of machine learning and the physical sciences, particularly in contexts where real-world measurements are scarce. Recent developments in rainfall-runoff modeling, one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Guy Shalev , Ran El-Yaniv , Daniel Klotz , Frederik Kratzert , Asher Metzger , Sella Nevo

A fundamental challenge in physics-informed machine learning (PIML) is the design of robust PIML methods for out-of-distribution (OOD) forecasting tasks. These OOD tasks require learning-to-learn from observations of the same (ODE)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 S Chandra Mouli , Muhammad Ashraful Alam , Bruno Ribeiro

We are delighted to see the recent development of physics-informed extreme learning machine (PIELM) for its higher computational efficiency and accuracy compared to other physics-informed machine learning (PIML) paradigms. Since a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 He Yang , Fei Ren , Francesco Calabro , Hai-Sui Yu , Xiaohui Chen , Pei-Zhi Zhuang

Traditional rule-based physical models are limited by their reliance on singular physical formulas and parameters, making it difficult to effectively tackle the intricate tasks associated with crowd simulation. Recent research has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Runkang Guo , Bin Chen , Qi Zhang , Yong Zhao , Xiao Wang , Zhengqiu Zhu

Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) has emerged as a promising new approach for simulating complex physical and biological systems that are governed by complex multiscale processes for which some data are also available. In some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Khemraj Shukla , Mengjia Xu , Nathaniel Trask , George Em Karniadakis

In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for combining scientific knowledge within physics-based models and recurrent neural networks to advance scientific discovery in many dynamical systems. We will first describe the use of outputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Xiaowei Jia , Anuj Karpatne , Jared Willard , Michael Steinbach , Jordan Read , Paul C Hanson , Hilary A Dugan , Vipin Kumar

Process optimization in chemical engineering may be hindered by the limited availability of reliable thermodynamic data for fluid mixtures. Remarkable progress is being made in predicting thermodynamic mixture properties by machine learning…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Martin Bubel , Tobias Seidel , Michael Bortz

As in many other areas of engineering and applied science, Machine Learning (ML) is having a profound impact in the domain of Weather and Climate Prediction. A very recent development in this area has been the emergence of fully data-driven…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-06 Massimo Bonavita

Deep learning has shown strong potential in modeling complex spatiotemporal dynamics. However, most existing methods depend on densely and uniformly sampled data, which is often unavailable in practice due to sensor and cost limitations. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Han Wan , Qi Wang , Yuan Mi , Rui Zhang , Hao Sun

Machine learning (ML) is shown to predict new alloys and their performances in a high dimensional, multiple-target-property design space that considers chemistry, multi-step processing routes, and characterization methodology variations. A…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-12 Sen Liu , Branden B. Kappes , Behnam Amin-ahmadi , Othmane Benafan , Xiaoli Zhang , Aaron P. Stebner

Data-driven machine learning models often require extensive datasets, which can be costly or inaccessible, and their predictions may fail to comply with established physical laws. Current approaches for incorporating physical priors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Matilde Valente , Tiago C. Dias , Vasco Guerra , Rodrigo Ventura

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have demonstrated considerable success in solving complex fluid dynamics problems. However, their performance often deteriorates in regimes characterized by steep gradients, intricate boundary…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-29 Ze Tao , Ke Xu , Fujun Liu

A recent alternative for hydrogen transportation as a mixture with natural gas is blending it into natural gas pipelines. However, hydrogen embrittlement of material is a major concern for scientists and gas installation designers to avoid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Minh Triet Chau , João Lucas de Sousa Almeida , Elie Alhajjar , Alberto Costa Nogueira Junior

Due largely to challenges associated with physical interpretability of machine learning (ML) methods, and because model interpretability is key to credibility in management applications, many scientists and practitioners are hesitant to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yuan-Heng Wang , Hoshin V. Gupta

This paper presents a new approach to simulate forward and inverse problems of moving loads using physics-informed machine learning (PIML). Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) utilize the underlying physics of moving load problems and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Taniya Kapoor , Hongrui Wang , Alfredo Núñez , Rolf Dollevoet

We explore the data-parallel acceleration of physics-informed machine learning (PIML) schemes, with a focus on physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for multiple graphics processing units (GPUs) architectures. In order to develop…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Paul Escapil-Inchauspé , Gonzalo A. Ruz