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Quantum architecture search (QAS) automates the design of parameterized quantum circuits for variational quantum algorithms. The framework finds a well-suited problem-specific structure of a variational ansatz. Among possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Mikhail Sergeev , Georgii Paradezhenko , Daniil Rabinovich , Vladimir V. Palyulin

Reinforcement learning-based Quantum Architecture Search (QAS) offers a promising avenue for automating the design of variational quantum circuits, but existing methods typically decouple discrete structure search from continuous parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Jiayang Niu , Yan Wang , Jie Li , Ke Deng , Azadeh Alavi , Muhammad Usman , Yongli Ren

Unsupervised representation learning presents new opportunities for advancing Quantum Architecture Search (QAS) on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. QAS is designed to optimize quantum circuits for Variational Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Yize Sun , Zixin Wu , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

For a large number of tasks, quantum computing demonstrates the potential for exponential acceleration over classical computing. In the NISQ era, variable-component subcircuits enable applications of quantum computing. To reduce the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Junhan Qin

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are widely speculated to deliver quantum advantages for practical problems under the quantum-classical hybrid computational paradigm in the near term. Both theoretical and practical developments of VQAs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-17 Shi-Xin Zhang , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Shengyu Zhang , Hong Yao

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are hybrid quantum-classical approaches used for tackling a wide range of problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Testing these algorithms on relevant hardware is crucial to…

Variational quantum circuits are one of the promising ways to exploit the advantages of quantum computing in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum technology era. The design of the quantum circuit architecture might greatly affect the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Gang Wang , Bang-Hai Wang , Shao-Ming Fei

Current quantum neural networks suffer from extreme sensitivity to both adversarial perturbations and hardware noise, creating a significant barrier to real-world deployment. Existing robustness techniques typically sacrifice clean accuracy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Mohamed Afane , Quanjiang Long , Haoting Shen , Ying Mao , Junaid Farooq , Ying Wang , Juntao Chen

Quantum Architecture Search (QAS) is a promising approach to designing quantum circuits for variational quantum algorithms (VQAs). However, existing QAS algorithms require to evaluate a large number of quantum circuits during the search…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Zhimin He , Maijie Deng , Shenggen Zheng , Lvzhou Li , Haozhen Situ

Quantum Computing aims to streamline machine learning, making it more effective with fewer trainable parameters. This reduction of parameters can speed up the learning process and reduce the use of computational resources. However, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Michael Kölle , Timo Witter , Tobias Rohe , Gerhard Stenzel , Philipp Altmann , Thomas Gabor

Considering the noise level limit, one crucial aspect for quantum machine learning is to design a high-performing variational quantum circuit architecture with small number of quantum gates. As the classical neural architecture search…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-08 Jialin Chen , Zhiqiang Cai , Ke Xu , Di Wu , Wei Cao

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are a class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that leverage on classical optimization tools to find the optimal parameters for a parameterized quantum circuit. One relevant application of VQAs is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Mirko Legnini , Julian Berberich

Quantum compiling aims to construct a quantum circuit V by quantum gates drawn from a native gate alphabet, which is functionally equivalent to the target unitary U. It is a crucial stage for the running of quantum algorithms on noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 Zhimin He , Lvzhou Li , Shenggen Zheng , Yongyao Li , Haozhen Situ

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) have gained prominence as a viable framework for exploiting near-term quantum devices in applications ranging from optimization and chemistry simulation to machine learning. However, the effectiveness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yifeng Peng , Xinyi Li , Zhemin Zhang , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Zhiding Liang , Ying Wang

The state-of-the-art machine learning approaches are based on classical von Neumann computing architectures and have been widely used in many industrial and academic domains. With the recent development of quantum computing, researchers and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Jun Qi , Pin-Yu Chen , Xiaoli Ma , Hsi-Sheng Goan

Quantum machine learning (QML) has been identified as one of the key fields that could reap advantages from near-term quantum devices, next to optimization and quantum chemistry. Research in this area has focused primarily on variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Andrea Skolik , Sofiene Jerbi , Vedran Dunjko

Reinforcement learning (RL) enables agents to learn optimal policies through environmental interaction. However, RL suffers from reduced learning efficiency due to the curse of dimensionality in high-dimensional spaces. Quantum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Seok Bin Son , Joongheon Kim

The quest for effective quantum feature maps for data encoding presents significant challenges, particularly due to the flat training landscapes and lengthy training processes associated with parameterised quantum circuits. To address these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Yaswitha Gujju , Romain Harang , Chao Li , Tetsuo Shibuya , Qibin Zhao

While variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have demonstrated considerable success in unconstrained optimization, their application to constrained combinatorial problems face a trade-off. Penalty-based methods, despite their circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Hui-Min Li , Yuan-Liang Han , Zhi-Xi Wang , Shao-Ming Fei

The automated design of parameterized quantum circuits for variational algorithms in the NISQ era faces a fundamental limitation, as conventional differentiable architecture search relies on classical models that fail to adequately…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Yuxiang Liu , Sixuan Li , Fanxu Meng , Zaichen Zhang , Xutao Yu