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In this article we investigate blow up phenomena for gradient descent optimization methods in the training of artificial neural networks (ANNs). Our theoretical analysis is focused on shallow ANNs with one neuron on the input layer, one…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-29 Davide Gallon , Arnulf Jentzen , Felix Lindner

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are popular models of brain function. The typical training strategy is to adjust their input-output behavior so that it matches that of the biological circuit of interest. Even though this strategy ensures…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-09 Alessandro Salatiello , Martin A. Giese

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its many variants are the widespread optimization algorithms for training deep neural networks. However, SGD suffers from inevitable drawbacks, including vanishing gradients, lack of theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zeinab Ebrahimi , Gustavo Batista , Mohammad Deghat

In this paper we study an unconventional inexact Augmented Lagrangian Method (ALM) for convex optimization problems, as first proposed by Bertsekas, wherein the penalty term is a potentially non-Euclidean norm raised to a power between one…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Konstantinos A. Oikonomidis , Alexander Bodard , Emanuel Laude , Panagiotis Patrinos

In this paper, we adopt the augmented Lagrangian method (ALM) to solve convex quadratic second-order cone programming problems (SOCPs). Fruitful results on the efficiency of the ALM have been established in the literature. Recently, it has…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Ling Liang , Defeng Sun , Kim-Chuan Toh

We introduce a novel approach addressing global analysis of a difficult class of nonconvex-nonsmooth optimization problems within the important framework of Lagrangian-based methods. This genuine nonlinear class captures many problems in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-10 Jérôme Bolte , Shoham Sabach , Marc Teboulle

Clustering may be the most fundamental problem in unsupervised learning which is still active in machine learning research because its importance in many applications. Popular methods like K-means, may suffer from instability as they are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-21 Yancheng Yuan , Defeng Sun , Kim-Chuan Toh

In recent years, Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been applied to real-world problems with increasing success. Such applications often require to put constraints on the agent's behavior. Existing algorithms for constrained RL (CRL) rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Ted Moskovitz , Brendan O'Donoghue , Vivek Veeriah , Sebastian Flennerhag , Satinder Singh , Tom Zahavy

The augmented Lagrangian method (ALM) is one of the most useful methods for constrained optimization. Its convergence has been well established under convexity assumptions or smoothness assumptions, or under both assumptions. ALM may…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-10 Jinshan Zeng , Wotao Yin , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Training deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents necessitates overcoming the highly unstable nonconvex stochastic optimization inherent in the trial-and-error mechanism. To tackle this challenge, we propose a physics-inspired optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yao Lyu , Xiangteng Zhang , Shengbo Eben Li , Jingliang Duan , Letian Tao , Qing Xu , Lei He , Keqiang Li

We investigate the parameter-space geometry of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and develop an adaptation of path-SGD optimization method, attuned to this geometry, that can learn plain RNNs with ReLU activations. On several datasets that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Behnam Neyshabur , Yuhuai Wu , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Nathan Srebro

We propose a new \textit{randomized Bregman (block) coordinate descent} (RBCD) method for minimizing a composite problem, where the objective function could be either convex or nonconvex, and the smooth part are freed from the global…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Tianxiang Gao , Songtao Lu , Jia Liu , Chris Chu

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are commonly used for real-time processing, streaming data, and cases where the amount of training samples is limited. Backpropagation Through Time (BPTT) is the predominant algorithm for training RNNs;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Nikolay Manchev , Luis C. Garcia-Peraza-Herrera

Recurrent neural network is a powerful model that learns temporal patterns in sequential data. For a long time, it was believed that recurrent networks are difficult to train using simple optimizers, such as stochastic gradient descent, due…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-04-20 Tomas Mikolov , Armand Joulin , Sumit Chopra , Michael Mathieu , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

This article investigates the convergence properties of a relative-type inexact preconditioned proximal augmented Lagrangian method (rip$^2$ALM) for convex nonlinear programming, a fundamental class of optimization problems with broad…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Lei Yang , Jiayi Zhu , Ling Liang , Kim-Chuan Toh

We present a new approach for input optimization of ReLU networks that explicitly takes into account the effect of changes in activation patterns. We analyze local optimization steps in both the input space and the space of activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hongzhan Yu , Sicun Gao

Adaptive control is subject to stability and performance issues when a learned model is used to enhance its performance. This paper thus presents a deep learning-based adaptive control framework for nonlinear systems with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Hiroyasu Tsukamoto , Soon-Jo Chung , Jean-Jacques Slotine

This work proposes a general learned proximal alternating minimization algorithm, LPAM, for solving learnable two-block nonsmooth and nonconvex optimization problems. We tackle the nonsmoothness by an appropriate smoothing technique with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Yunmei Chen , Lezhi Liu , Lei Zhang

Combining the strengths of model-based iterative algorithms and data-driven deep learning solutions, deep unrolling networks (DuNets) have become a popular tool to solve inverse imaging problems. While DuNets have been successfully applied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Qingping Zhou , Jiayu Qian , Junqi Tang , Jinglai Li

Neural networks are usually trained by some form of stochastic gradient descent (SGD)). A number of strategies are in common use intended to improve SGD optimization, such as learning rate schedules, momentum, and batching. These are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-13 Thomas M. Breuel