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While bias in large language models (LLMs) is well-studied, similar concerns in vision-language models (VLMs) have received comparatively less attention. Existing VLM bias studies often focus on portrait-style images and gender-occupation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Chahat Raj , Bowen Wei , Aylin Caliskan , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Ziwei Zhu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a range of tasks, yet concerns about their potential biases exist. This work investigates the extent to which prominent VLMs exhibit cultural biases by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Ram Mohan Rao Kadiyala , Siddhant Gupta , Jebish Purbey , Srishti Yadav , Suman Debnath , Alejandro Salamanca , Desmond Elliott

The emergence of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) marks significant strides towards achieving general artificial intelligence. However, these advancements are accompanied by concerns about biased outputs, a challenge that has yet to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Sibo Wang , Xiangkui Cao , Jie Zhang , Zheng Yuan , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen , Wen Gao

Large vision-language models (VLMs) can jointly interpret images and text, but they are also prone to absorbing and reproducing harmful social stereotypes when visual cues such as age, gender, race, clothing, or occupation are present. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Aravind Narayanan , Vahid Reza Khazaie , Shaina Raza

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have been reliably integrated with visual input for multimodal tasks. The widespread adoption of instruction-tuned image-to-text vision-language assistants (VLAs) like LLaVA and InternVL necessitates…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Leander Girrbach , Stephan Alaniz , Yiran Huang , Trevor Darrell , Zeynep Akata

With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) possessing increasingly impressive capabilities, a number of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have been proposed to augment LLMs with visual inputs. Such models condition generated text on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Phillip Howard , Kathleen C. Fraser , Anahita Bhiwandiwalla , Svetlana Kiritchenko

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have been widely adopted in various applications; however, they exhibit significant gender biases. Existing benchmarks primarily evaluate gender bias at the demographic group level, neglecting individual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yisong Xiao , Aishan Liu , QianJia Cheng , Zhenfei Yin , Siyuan Liang , Jiapeng Li , Jing Shao , Xianglong Liu , Dacheng Tao

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly reshaped the trajectory of the AI revolution. Nevertheless, these LLMs exhibit a notable limitation, as they are primarily adept at processing textual information. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Akash Ghosh , Arkadeep Acharya , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) possessing increasingly impressive capabilities, a number of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have been proposed to augment LLMs with visual inputs. Such models condition generated text on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Phillip Howard , Anahita Bhiwandiwalla , Kathleen C. Fraser , Svetlana Kiritchenko

We introduce VLM-Lens, a toolkit designed to enable systematic benchmarking, analysis, and interpretation of vision-language models (VLMs) by supporting the extraction of intermediate outputs from any layer during the forward pass of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hala Sheta , Eric Huang , Shuyu Wu , Ilia Alenabi , Jiajun Hong , Ryker Lin , Ruoxi Ning , Daniel Wei , Jialin Yang , Jiawei Zhou , Ziqiao Ma , Freda Shi

Vision Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed across downstream tasks, yet their training data often encode social biases that surface in outputs. Unlike humans, who interpret images through contextual and social cues, VLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Adit Desai , Sudipta Roy , Mohna Chakraborty

This research investigates both explicit and implicit social biases exhibited by Vision-Language Models (VLMs). The key distinction between these bias types lies in the level of awareness: explicit bias refers to conscious, intentional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jen-tse Huang , Jiantong Qin , Jianping Zhang , Youliang Yuan , Wenxuan Wang , Jieyu Zhao

Following on recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and subsequent chat models, a new wave of large vision-language models (LVLMs) has emerged. Such models can incorporate images as input in addition to text, and perform tasks such…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Kathleen C. Fraser , Svetlana Kiritchenko

Vision-language models (VLM) align images and text in a shared representation space that is useful for retrieval and zero-shot transfer. Yet, this alignment can encode and amplify social stereotypes in subtle ways that are not obvious from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Aiswarya Konavoor , Raj Abhijit Dandekar , Rajat Dandekar , Sreedath Panat

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance by effectively integrating visual and textual information to solve complex tasks. However, it is not clear how these models reason over the visual and textual data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Moin Aminnaseri , Estevam Hruschka

Current research on bias in Vision Language Models (VLMs) has important limitations: it is focused exclusively on trait associations while ignoring other forms of stereotyping, it examines specific contexts where biases are expected to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Messi H. J. Lee , Soyeon Jeon , Jacob M. Montgomery , Calvin K. Lai

Vision-language model (VLM) embeddings have been shown to encode biases present in their training data, such as societal biases that prescribe negative characteristics to members of various racial and gender identities. VLMs are being…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Walter Gerych , Haoran Zhang , Kimia Hamidieh , Eileen Pan , Maanas Sharma , Thomas Hartvigsen , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made substantial progress in the past several months, shattering state-of-the-art benchmarks in many domains. This paper investigates LLMs' behavior with respect to gender stereotypes, a known issue for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Hadas Kotek , Rikker Dockum , David Q. Sun

Recent breakthroughs in self supervised training have led to a new class of pretrained vision language models. While there have been investigations of bias in multimodal models, they have mostly focused on gender and racial bias, giving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Sepehr Janghorbani , Gerard de Melo

Unified vision large language models (VLLMs) have recently achieved impressive advancements in both multimodal understanding and generation, powering applications such as visual question answering and text-guided image synthesis. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Pengyu Wang , Shaojun Zhou , Chenkun Tan , Xinghao Wang , Wei Huang , Zhen Ye , Zhaowei Li , Botian Jiang , Dong Zhang , Xipeng Qiu
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