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In this paper, we investigate multi-user modular extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) communication systems, where modular extremely large-scale uniform linear array (XL-ULA) is deployed at the base station (BS) to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Xinrui Li , Zhenjun Dong , Yong Zeng , Shi Jin , Rui Zhang

Massive multiple-input-multiple-output (M-MIMO) is a key technology for 5G networks. Within this research area, new types of deployment are arising, such as the extremely-large regime (XL- MIMO), where the antenna array at the base station…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 Gabriel Avanzi Ubiali , Taufik Abrão

This paper applies graph neural networks (GNN) in UAV communications to optimize the placement and transmission design. We consider a multiple-user multiple-input-single-output UAV communication system where a UAV intends to find a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-04 Qinyu Wang , Yang Lu , Wei Chen , Bo Ai , Zhangdui Zhong , Dusit Niyato

Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a promising technique to achieve ultra-high spectral efficiency for future 6G communications. The mixed line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) XL-MIMO near-field…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Ming Ye , Xiao Liang , Cunhua Pan , Yinfei Xu , Ming Jiang , Chunguo Li

Huge overhead of beam training imposes a significant challenge in millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communications. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a wide beam based training approach to calibrate the narrow beam direction…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-21 Ke Ma , Dongxuan He , Hancun Sun , Zhaocheng Wang , Sheng Chen

We investigate the multiuser scheduling problem in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and hybrid beamforming in which a base station (BS) communicates with multiple users…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Pouya Agheli , Tugce Kobal , François Durand , Matthew Andrews

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become powerful tools for learning from graph-structured data, finding applications across diverse domains. However, as graph sizes and connectivity increase, standard GNN training methods face significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Eshed Gal , Moshe Eliasof , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Ivan I. Kyrchei , Eldad Haber , Eran Treister

Developing resource allocation algorithms with strong real-time and high efficiency has been an imperative topic in wireless networks. Conventional optimization-based iterative resource allocation algorithms often suffer from slow…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-22 Siyuan Lu , Shengjie Zhao , Qingjiang Shi

In this letter, we study an efficient multi-beam training method for multiuser millimeter-wave communication systems. Unlike the conventional single-beam training method that relies on exhaustive search, multi-beam training design faces a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Weijia Wang , Changsheng You , Xiaodan Shao , Rui Zhang

Massive MIMO is widely considered as a key enabler of the next generation 5G networks. With a large number of antennas at the Base Station, both spectral and energy efficiencies can be enhanced. Unfortunately, the downlink channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Ali Maatouk , Salah Eddine Hajri , Mohamad Assaad , Hikmet Sari

Large antenna arrays and high-frequency bands are two key features of future wireless communication systems. The combination of large-scale antennas with high transmission frequencies often results in the communicating devices operating in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-28 Haiyang Zhang , Nir Shlezinger , Francesco Guidi , Davide Dardari , Mohammadreza F. Imani , Yonina C. Eldar

Efficient massive/ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection algorithms with satisfactory performance and low complexity are critical to meet the high throughput and ultra-low latency requirements in 5G and beyond…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Hengtao He , Alva Kosasih , Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , S. H. Song , Wibowo Hardjawana , Khaled B. Letaief

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are widely used today in recommendation systems, fraud detection, and node/link classification tasks. Real world GNNs continue to scale in size and require a large memory footprint for storing graphs and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jeongmin Brian Park , Kun Wu , Vikram Sharma Mailthody , Zaid Quresh , Scott Mahlke , Wen-mei Hwu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful tools for learning graph-structured data, but their scalability is hindered by inefficient mini-batch generation, data transfer bottlenecks, and costly inter-GPU synchronization. Existing training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Irfan Ullah , Young-Koo Lee

This paper investigates deep learning enabled beamforming design for ultra-dense wireless networks by integrating prior knowledge and graph neural network (GNN), named model-based GNN. A energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-04 Rongsheng Zhang , Yang Lu , Wei Chen , Bo Ai , Zhiguo Ding

User localization and beam management are tightly linked in extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, especially in dense low-altitude economy (LAE) scenarios. However, the near-field propagation in XL-MIMO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Qianfan Lu , Mengyuan Li , Jiachen Tian , Yu Han , Xiao Li , Shi Jin

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been a critical enabling technology in 5th generation (5G) wireless networks. With the advent of 6G, a natural evolution is to employ even more antennas, potentially an order of magnitude…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-13 Wentao Yu , Yifan Ma , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a key enabling technology for sixth-generation (6G) communication systems. Nevertheless, the increase in array aperture and signal bandwidth brings new challenges to wideband…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Qingxia Feng , Yin Fang , Meng Hua , Cheng Zhang , Chunguo Li , Yongming Huang , Luxi Yang

In extremely large-scale multiple input multiple output (XL-MIMO) systems for future sixth-generation (6G) communications, codebook-based beam training stands out as a promising technology to acquire channel state information (CSI). Despite…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Tianyue Zheng , Jieao Zhu , Qiumo Yu , Yongli Yan , Linglong Dai

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is the development trend of future wireless communications. However, the extremely large-scale antenna array could bring inevitable nearfield and dual-wideband effects that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Jie Xu , Li You , George C. Alexandropoulos , Xinping Yi , Wenjin Wang , Xiqi Gao