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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) represent versatile tools with diverse applications spanning physics, chemistry, geology, and medical science. This comprehensive review explores the foundational…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 Islam G. Ali

A deep neural network (DNN) that can reliably model muscle responses from corresponding brain stimulation has the potential to increase knowledge of coordinated motor control for numerous basic science and applied use cases. Such cases…

Localized-surface plasmon resonance is of importance in both fundamental and applied physics for the subwavelength confinement of optical field, but realization of quantum coherent processes is confronted with challenges due to strong…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 Pai Peng , Yong-Chun Liu , Da Xu , Qi-Tao Cao , Qihuang Gong , Yun-Feng Xiao

Spintronic nano-synapses and nano-neurons perform complex cognitive computations with high accuracy thanks to their rich, reproducible and controllable magnetization dynamics. These dynamical nanodevices could transform artificial…

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are essential tools in machine learning that have drawn increasing attention in neuroscience. Besides offering powerful techniques for data analysis, ANNs provide a new approach for neuroscientists to build…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-09-25 Guangyu Robert Yang , Xiao-Jing Wang

Miniaturization is an essential element in the development of information processing technologies and is also one of the main determinants of the usability of the tested artificial neural networks. It is also a key element and one of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Oleksandr Pastukh , Piotr Graczyk , Mateusz Zelent , Lukasz Laskowski , Maciej Krawczyk

All-dielectric "magnetic light" nanophotonics based on high refractive index nanoparticles allows controlling magnetic component of light at nanoscale without having high dissipative losses. The artificial magnetic optical response of such…

This article highlights specific features of biological neurons and their dendritic trees, whose adoption may help advance artificial neural networks used in various machine learning applications. Advancements could take the form of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-15 Spyridon Chavlis , Panayiota Poirazi

Recent developments in the Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT) are laying the groundwork for innovative applications across the healthcare sector. Nanodevices designed to operate within the body, managed remotely via the internet, are…

This Perspective surveys the state-of-the-art and future prospects of science and technology employing the nanoconfined light (nanophotonics and nanoplasmonics) in combination with magnetism. We denote this field broadly as nanoscale…

The integration of magnetic nanoparticles within fibrillar structures represents an interesting avenue for the remotely controlled release of therapeutic agents. This work presents a novel drug release platform based on electrospun magnetic…

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP's) have become increasingly important in heating applications such as hyperthermia treatment of cancer due to their ability to release heat when a remote external alternating magnetic field is applied. It has…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Gowrishankar Seshadri , Rochish Thaokar , Anurag Mehra

We propose a review of the current knowledge about the synthesis, magnetic properties and applications of magnetic cylindrical nanowires and nanotubes. By "nano" we consider diameters reasonably smaller than a micrometer. At this scale,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Michal Stano , Olivier Fruchart

Strongly-interacting nanomagnetic systems are pivotal across next-generation technologies including reconfigurable magnonics and neuromorphic computation. Controlling magnetisation state and local coupling between neighbouring nanoelements…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-01-21 K. D. Stenning , J. C. Gartside , T. Dion , A. Vanstone , D. M. Arroo , W. R. Branford

Auxiliary nanostructures introduce additional flexibility into optomechanical manipulation schemes. Metamaterials and metasurfaces capable to control electromagnetic interactions at the near-field regions are especially beneficial for…

Computational methods have complemented experimental and clinical neursciences and led to improvements in our understanding of the nervous systems in health and disease. In parallel, neuromodulation in form of electric and magnetic…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-08-13 Markus A. Dahlem , Sebastian Rode , Arne May , Naoya Fujiwara , Yoshito Hirata , Kazuyuki Aihara , Jürgen Kurths

In this paper, we provide an extensive overview of machine learning techniques applied to structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to obtain clinical classifiers. We specifically address practical problems commonly encountered in…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-08-20 José María Mateos-Pérez , Mahsa Dadar , María Lacalle-Aurioles , Yasser Iturria-Medina , Yashar Zeighami , Alan C. Evans

We introduce NeuroPINNs, a neuroscience-inspired extension of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) that incorporates biologically motivated spiking neuron models to achieve energy-efficient PDE solving. Unlike conventional PINNs, which…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Shailesh Garg , Souvik Chakraborty

Nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (NanoMRI) is an active area of applied research with potential use in structural biology and quantum engineering. The success of this technological vision hinges on improving the instrument's sensitivity…

Nanoparticles of high refractive index materials can possess strong magnetic polarizabilities and give rise to artificial magnetism in the optical spectral range. While the response of individual dielectric or metal spherical particles can…