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Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, which imposes intrinsic restrictions on our ability to predict the outcomes of incompatible quantum measurements to arbitrary precision, demonstrates one of the key differences between classical and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-05 Yunlong Xiao , Kuntal Sengupta , Siren Yang , Gilad Gour

The convergence rate in Wasserstein distance is estimated for the empirical measures of symmetric semilinear SPDEs. Unlike in the finite-dimensional case that the convergence is of algebraic order in time, in the present situation the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Feng-Yu Wang

The Wasserstein distance between probability measures on compact spaces provides a natural invariant quantitative measure of equidistribution, which is partly similar to the classical discrepancy appearing in Erd\"os-Tur\'an type…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Emmanuel Kowalski , Théo Untrau

We exhibit three inequalities involving quantum measurement, all of which are sharp and state independent. The first inequality bounds the performance of joint measurement. The second quantifies the trade-off between the measurement quality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-18 Bas Janssens

We propose a generalization of the Wasserstein distance of order 1 to the quantum states of $n$ qudits. The proposal recovers the Hamming distance for the vectors of the canonical basis, and more generally the classical Wasserstein distance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-14 Giacomo De Palma , Milad Marvian , Dario Trevisan , Seth Lloyd

Persistence diagrams are a useful tool from topological data analysis which can be used to provide a concise description of a filtered topological space. What makes them even more useful in practice is that they come with a notion of a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Jesse J. Berwald , Joel M. Gottlieb , Elizabeth Munch

Probability distributions play a central role in quantum mechanics, and even more so in quantum optics with its rich diversity of theoretically conceivable and experimentally accessible quantum states of light. Quantifiers that compare two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Soumyabrata Paul , V. Balakrishnan , S. Ramanan , S. Lakshmibala

We provide efficient and intuitive tools for deriving bounds on achievable precision in quantum enhanced metrology based on the geometry of quantum channels and semi-definite programming. We show that when decoherence is taken into account,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-19 Rafal Demkowicz-Dobrzanski , Jan Kolodynski , Madalin Guta

The sliced Wasserstein metric compares probability measures on $\mathbb{R}^d$ by taking averages of the Wasserstein distances between projections of the measures to lines. The distance has found a range of applications in statistics and…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-11-25 Sangmin Park , Dejan Slepčev

We investigate here the optimal transportation problem on configuration space for the quadratic cost. It is shown that, as usual, provided that the corresponding Wasserstein is finite, there exists one unique optimal measure and that this…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 L. Decreusefond

The notion of distance in Hilbert space is relevant in many scenarios. In particular, distances between quantum states play a central role in quantum information theory. An appropriate measure of distance is the quantum Jensen Shannon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-24 A. P. Majtey , A. Borras , M. Casas , P. W. Lamberti , A. Plastino

Given a unitary transformation, what is the size of the smallest quantum circuit that implements it? This quantity, known as the quantum circuit complexity, is a fundamental property of quantum evolutions that has widespread applications in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Lu Li , Kaifeng Bu , Dax Enshan Koh , Arthur Jaffe , Seth Lloyd

In two articles, the authors claim that the Heisenberg uncertainty principle limits the precision of simultaneous measurements of the position and velocity of a particle and refer to experimental evidence that supports their claim. It is…

General Physics · Physics 2007-07-12 Elias P. Gyftopoulos

In this article we study relationship between three measures of distinguishability of quantum states called as divergence, relative entropy and the substate property.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rahul Jain , Jaikumar Radhakrishnan , Pranab Sen

We develop a projected Wasserstein distance for the two-sample test, a fundamental problem in statistics and machine learning: given two sets of samples, to determine whether they are from the same distribution. In particular, we aim to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-01 Jie Wang , Rui Gao , Yao Xie

This paper studies convergence behavior of latent mixing measures that arise in finite and infinite mixture models, using transportation distances (i.e., Wasserstein metrics). The relationship between Wasserstein distances on the space of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-04-10 XuanLong Nguyen

Wave-particle duality, a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics, encapsulates the complementary relationship between the wave and particle behaviors of quantum systems. In this paper, we treat quantum coherence and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Zhiping Liu , Chengkai Zhu , Hua-Lei Yin , Xin Wang

We study the Wasserstein metric to measure distances between molecules represented by the atom index dependent adjacency "Coulomb" matrix, used in kernel ridge regression based supervised learning. Resulting quantum machine learning models…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Onur Çaylak , O. Anatole von Lilienfeld , Björn Baumeier

We seek an analog for the quantum permutation group $S_n^+$ of the normalized Hamming distance for permutations. We define three distances on the tracial state space of $C(S_n^+)$ that generalize the $L^1$-Wasserstein distance of…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-09-04 Anshu , David Jekel , Therese Basa Landry

This paper will introduce a family of sliced Wasserstein geodesics which are not standard Wasserstein geodesics, objects yet to be discovered in the literature. These objects exhibit how the geometric structure of the Sliced Wasserstein…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-11 John Seale Hopper