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Text-to-image diffusion models have achieved remarkable performance in image synthesis, while the text interface does not always provide fine-grained control over certain image factors. For instance, changing a single token in the text can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Chen Wu , Fernando De la Torre

ChatGPT has achieved remarkable success in natural language understanding. Considering that recommendation is indeed a conversation between users and the system with items as words, which has similar underlying pattern with ChatGPT, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yabin Zhang , Wenhui Yu , Erhan Zhang , Xu Chen , Lantao Hu , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

In the text-to-image generation field, recent remarkable progress in Stable Diffusion makes it possible to generate rich kinds of novel photorealistic images. However, current models still face misalignment issues (e.g., problematic spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Leigang Qu , Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Liqiang Nie , Tat-Seng Chua

Different users find different images generated for the same prompt desirable. This gives rise to personalized image generation which involves creating images aligned with an individual's visual preference. Current generative models are,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Sogand Salehi , Mahdi Shafiei , Teresa Yeo , Roman Bachmann , Amir Zamir

The escalating demand for real-time image synthesis has driven significant advancements in one-step diffusion models, which inherently offer expedited generation speeds compared to traditional multi-step methods. However, this enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Viet Nguyen , Anh Nguyen , Trung Dao , Khoi Nguyen , Cuong Pham , Toan Tran , Anh Tran

With the advancement in generative language models, the selection of prompts has gained significant attention in recent years. A prompt is an instruction or description provided by the user, serving as a guide for the generative language…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-21 Haoting Zhang , Jinghai He , Rhonda Righter , Zeyu Zheng

Obtaining multiple meaningfully diverse, high quality samples from Large Language Models for a fixed prompt remains an open challenge. Current methods for increasing diversity often only operate at the token-level, paraphrasing the same…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Eltayeb Ahmed , Uljad Berdica , Martha Elliott , Danijela Horak , Jakob N. Foerster

Current text-to-image (T2I) generation models achieve promising results, but they fail on the scenarios where the knowledge implied in the text prompt is uncertain. For example, a T2I model released in February would struggle to generate a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Chuanhao Li , Jianwen Sun , Yukang Feng , Mingliang Zhai , Yifan Chang , Kaipeng Zhang

Synthesis of digital artifacts conditioned on user prompts has become an important paradigm facilitating an explosion of use cases with generative AI. However, such models often fail to connect the generated outputs and desired target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Melvin Wong , Yew-Soon Ong , Abhishek Gupta , Kavitesh K. Bali , Caishun Chen

In spite of the rapidly evolving landscape of text-to-image generation, the synthesis and manipulation of multiple entities while adhering to specific relational constraints pose enduring challenges. This paper introduces an innovative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-22 YuTeng Ye , Jiale Cai , Hang Zhou , Guanwen Li , Youjia Zhang , Zikai Song , Chenxing Gao , Junqing Yu , Wei Yang

With the scale of vision Transformer-based models continuing to grow, finetuning these large-scale pretrained models for new tasks has become increasingly parameter-intensive. Visual prompt tuning is introduced as a parameter-efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Runjia Zeng , Cheng Han , Qifan Wang , Chunshu Wu , Tong Geng , Lifu Huang , Ying Nian Wu , Dongfang Liu

Current text-to-image diffusion models excel at generating diverse, high-quality images, yet they struggle to incorporate fine-grained camera metadata such as precise aperture settings. In this work, we introduce a novel text-to-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Ayush Shrivastava , Connelly Barnes , Xuaner Zhang , Lingzhi Zhang , Andrew Owens , Sohrab Amirghodsi , Eli Shechtman

Flow matching models (FMs) have revolutionized text-to-image (T2I) generation, with reinforcement learning (RL) serving as a critical post-training strategy for alignment with reward objectives. In this research, we show that current RL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Fu-Yun Wang , Han Zhang , Michael Gharbi , Hongsheng Li , Taesung Park

Graph transformers have gained popularity in various graph-based tasks by addressing challenges faced by traditional Graph Neural Networks. However, the quadratic complexity of self-attention operations and the extensive layering in graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Reza Shirkavand , Heng Huang

Text-to-image diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in transforming textual prompts into coherent images, yet the computational cost of their inference remains a persistent challenge. To address this issue, we present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Yanwu Xu , Yang Zhao , Zhisheng Xiao , Tingbo Hou

In this paper, we introduce FedMGP, a new paradigm for personalized federated prompt learning in vision-language models. FedMGP equips each client with multiple groups of paired textual and visual prompts, enabling the model to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Weihao Bo , Yanpeng Sun , Yu Wang , Xinyu Zhang , Zechao Li

Text-to-image generative models have recently garnered significant attention due to their ability to generate images based on prompt descriptions. While these models have shown promising performance, concerns have been raised regarding the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Meiling Li , Zhenxing Qian , Xinpeng Zhang

Objective To solve major clinical natural language processing (NLP) tasks using a unified text-to-text learning architecture based on a generative large language model (LLM) via prompt tuning. Methods We formulated 7 key clinical NLP tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Cheng Peng , Xi Yang , Aokun Chen , Zehao Yu , Kaleb E Smith , Anthony B Costa , Mona G Flores , Jiang Bian , Yonghui Wu

Transformer-based pre-trained models have emerged as the predominant solution for natural language processing (NLP). Fine-tuning such pre-trained models for downstream tasks often requires a considerable amount of labeled private data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Dongqi Cai , Yaozong Wu , Haitao Yuan , Shangguang Wang , Felix Xiaozhu Lin , Mengwei Xu

This paper introduces the first gradient-based framework for prompt optimization in text-to-image diffusion models. We formulate prompt engineering as a discrete optimization problem over the language space. Two major challenges arise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ruochen Wang , Ting Liu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Boqing Gong