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Large-scale Visual Instruction Tuning (VIT) has become a key paradigm for advancing the performance of vision-language models (VLMs) across various multimodal tasks. However, training on the large-scale datasets is computationally expensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Changti Wu , Jiahuai Mao , Yuzhuo Miao , Shijie Lian , Bin Yu , Xiaopeng Lin , Cong Huang , Lei Zhang , Kai Chen

To improve Multimodal Large Language Models' (MLLMs) ability to process images and complex instructions, researchers predominantly curate large-scale visual instruction tuning datasets, which are either sourced from existing vision tasks or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Zhenyu Liu , Yunxin Li , Baotian Hu , Wenhan Luo , Yaowei Wang , Min Zhang

Instruction tuning is a standard paradigm for adapting large language models (LLMs), but modern instruction datasets are large, noisy, and redundant, making full-data fine-tuning costly and often unnecessary. Existing data selection methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhihang Yuan , Chengyu Yue , Long Huang , Litu Ou , Lei Shi

Instruction tuning is essential for Large Language Models (LLMs) to effectively follow user instructions. To improve training efficiency and reduce data redundancy, recent works use LLM-based scoring functions, e.g., Instruction-Following…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yanjun Fu , Faisal Hamman , Sanghamitra Dutta

Finetuning large language models on instruction data is crucial for enhancing pre-trained knowledge and improving instruction-following capabilities. As instruction datasets proliferate, selecting optimal data for effective training becomes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Simon Yu , Liangyu Chen , Sara Ahmadian , Marzieh Fadaee

Datasets nowadays are generally constructed from multiple sources and using different synthetic techniques, making data de-noising and de-duplication crucial before being used for post-training. In this work, we propose to perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Qi Jia , Siyu Ren , Ziheng Qin , Fuzhao Xue , Jinjie Ni , Yang You

Despite vision-language models' (VLMs) remarkable capabilities as versatile visual assistants, two substantial challenges persist within the existing VLM frameworks: (1) lacking task diversity in pretraining and visual instruction tuning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhiyang Xu , Chao Feng , Rulin Shao , Trevor Ashby , Ying Shen , Di Jin , Yu Cheng , Qifan Wang , Lifu Huang

Visual program synthesis is a promising approach to exploit the reasoning abilities of large language models for compositional computer vision tasks. Previous work has used few-shot prompting with frozen LLMs to synthesize visual programs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Zaid Khan , Vijay Kumar BG , Samuel Schulter , Yun Fu , Manmohan Chandraker

Instruction tuning plays a critical role in enhancing the performance and efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs). Its success depends not only on the quality of the instruction data but also on the inherent capabilities of the LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Tingyu Jiang , Shen Li , Yiyao Song , Lan Zhang , Hualei Zhu , Yuan Zhao , Xiaohang Xu , Kenjiro Taura , Hao Henry Wang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) rely heavily on instruction tuning to align vision and language capabilities, yet the computational cost of training on large-scale datasets remains a major bottleneck. Existing data selection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yichen Yan , Ming Zhong , Qi Zhu , Xiaoling Gu , Jinpeng Chen , Huan Li

Recent advancements in instruction tuning for large language models (LLMs) suggest that a small, high-quality dataset can significantly equip LLMs with instruction-following capabilities, outperforming large datasets often burdened by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jia Zhang , Chen-Xi Zhang , Yao Liu , Yi-Xuan Jin , Xiao-Wen Yang , Bo Zheng , Yi Liu , Lan-Zhe Guo

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a standard approach to adapting large language models (LLMs) to new domains. In this work, we improve the statistical efficiency of SFT by selecting an informative subset of training examples. Specifically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Rohan Deb , Kiran Thekumparampil , Kousha Kalantari , Gaurush Hiranandani , Shoham Sabach , Branislav Kveton

Instruction tuning is crucial for enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve real-world tasks. Prior work has shown the effectiveness of instruction-tuning data synthesized solely from LLMs, raising a fundamental question: Do we still…

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have achieved impressive results in visual question-answering and reasoning tasks through vision instruction tuning on specific datasets. However, there remains significant room for improvement in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Xiyao Wang , Jiuhai Chen , Zhaoyang Wang , Yuhang Zhou , Yiyang Zhou , Huaxiu Yao , Tianyi Zhou , Tom Goldstein , Parminder Bhatia , Furong Huang , Cao Xiao

Instruction tuning, a specialized technique to enhance large language model (LLM) performance via instruction datasets, relies heavily on the quality of employed data. Existing quality improvement methods alter instruction data through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Yang Xu , Yongqiang Yao , Yufan Huang , Mengnan Qi , Maoquan Wang , Bin Gu , Neel Sundaresan

Large language models (LLMs) hold the promise of solving diverse tasks when provided with appropriate natural language prompts. However, prompting often leads models to make predictions with lower accuracy compared to finetuning a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Chenyang Zhao , Xueying Jia , Vijay Viswanathan , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

Large Language Models have become the de facto approach to sequence-to-sequence text generation tasks, but for specialized tasks/domains, a pretrained LLM lacks specific capabilities to produce accurate or well-formatted responses.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Jiuhai Chen , Jonas Mueller

Data selection can reduce the amount of training data needed to finetune LLMs; however, the efficacy of data selection scales directly with its compute. Motivated by the practical challenge of compute-constrained finetuning, we consider the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Junjie Oscar Yin , Alexander M. Rush

The performance of Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) is dependent on the size and quality of their training datasets. Existing video instruction tuning datasets lack diversity as they are derived by prompting large language models with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Orr Zohar , Xiaohan Wang , Yonatan Bitton , Idan Szpektor , Serena Yeung-Levy

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive results in a range of vision-language tasks. However, popular VLMs usually consist of hundreds of millions of parameters which brings challenges for fine-tuning and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Tiannan Wang , Wangchunshu Zhou , Yan Zeng , Xinsong Zhang