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Information-processing systems that coordinate multiple agents and objectives face fundamental thermodynamic constraints. We show that solutions with maximum utility to act as coordination focal points have a much higher selection pressure…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Atma Anand

We establish a general lower bound for the entropy production rate (EPR) based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence and the Logarithmic-Sobolev constant that characterizes the time-scale of relaxation. This bound can be considered as an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-31 Ruicheng Bao , Chaoqun Du , Zhiyu Cao , Zhonghuai Hou

Outside ideal settings, conventions are shaped by competing processes that can challenge the emergence of norms. This paper identifies three trade-offs challenging the diffusion of conventions: (I) the trade-off between the imperatives of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-03-17 Lucas Gautheron

The relationship between thermodynamics and statistical physics is valid in the thermodynamic limit - when the number of particles becomes very large. Here, we study thermodynamics in the opposite regime - at both the nano scale, and when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-28 Michał Horodecki , Jonathan Oppenheim

The precision and response of trajectory observables offer valuable insights into the behavior of nonequilibrium systems. For classical systems, trade-offs between these characteristics and thermodynamic costs, such as entropy production…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Tan Van Vu

Reducing work fluctuation and dissipation in heat engines or, more generally, information heat engines that perform feedback control is vital to maximize their efficiency. The same problem arises when we attempt to maximize the efficiency…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-01-06 Ken Funo , Masahito Ueda

In a thermodynamic process with measurement and feedback, the second law of thermodynamics is no longer valid. In its place, various second-law-like inequalities have been advanced that each incorporate a distinct additional term accounting…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-22 Jordan M. Horowitz , Henrik Sandberg

Thermodynamic selection is an indirect competition between agents feeding on the same energy resource and obeying the laws of thermodynamics. We examine scenarios of this selection, where the agent is modeled as a heat-engine coupled to two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-18 S. G. Babajanyan , E. V. Koonin , A. E. Allahverdyan

This work extends the results of the recently developed theory of a rather complete thermodynamic formalism for discrete-state, continuous-time Markov processes with and without detailed balance. We aim at investigating the question that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-05-30 Moises Santillan , Hong Qian

The tradeoff relation between speed and cost is a central issue in designing fast and efficient information processing devices. We derive an achievable bound on thermodynamic cost for obtaining information through finite-time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-05-16 Rihito Nagase , Takahiro Sagawa

We consider the thermodynamic approach to the description of economic systems and processes. The first and second laws of thermodynamics as applied to economic systems are derived and analyzed. It is shown that there is a deep analogy…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-02-03 Sergey Rashkovskiy

Bridging equilibrium and nonequilibrium statistical physics attracts sustained interest. Hallmarks of nonequilibrium systems include a breakdown of detailed balance, and an absence of a priori potential function corresponding to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-24 Ying Tang , Ruoshi Yuan , Jianhong Chen , Ping Ao

The thermodynamic uncertainty relations provide a universal trade-offs between entropy dissipation rate and fluctuations in transport current. This relation has been mostly used to estimate a minimum entropy dissipation rate by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-11-25 Jiawei Yan

Resetting is a strategy for boosting the speed of a target-searching process. Since its introduction over a decade ago, most studies have been carried out under the assumption that resetting takes place instantaneously. However, due to its…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-05-09 Priyo Shankar Pal , Arnab Pal , Hyunggyu Park , Jae Sung Lee

Free energy and entropy are examined in detail from the standpoint of classical thermodynamics. The approach is logically based on the fact that thermodynamic work is mediated by thermal energy through the tendency for nonthermal energy to…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-06-26 Clinton D. Stoner

A simple expression for the non-equilibrium distribution function in ultra-fast transient processes is proposed. Postulating its dependence on temporal derivatives of the equilibrium integrals of motion, non-equilibrium analogues of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-18 K. S. Glavatskiy

We derive two fundamental trade-offs for general stochastic limit cycles in the weak-noise limit. The first is the dissipation-coherence trade-off, which was discovered and proved under additional assumptions by Santolin and Falasco [Phys.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-04 Ryuna Nagayama , Sosuke Ito

The possibility of stating the second law of thermodynamics in terms of the increasing behaviour of a physical property establishes a connection between that branch of physics and the theory of algebraic inequalities. We use this connection…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-09-07 Andrés Vallejo

In this paper we develop a generalized formalism for equilibrium thermodynamic systems when an information is shared between the system and the reservoir. The information results in a correction to the entropy of the system. This extension…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-10 Alessio Gagliardi , Aldo Di Carlo

A simple and effective approach to thermodynamics is suggested, which solves the major difficulties in the traditional presentation of the subject. The internal energy is introduced from the behavior of deformable bodies, whereas the…

General Physics · Physics 2012-03-13 Rodrigo de Abreu , Vasco Guerra