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Large Language Models (LLMs) become the start-of-the-art solutions for a variety of natural language tasks and are integrated into real-world applications. However, LLMs can be potentially harmful in manifesting undesirable safety issues…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Zhuoer Xu , Jianping Zhang , Shiwen Cui , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang

The application scope of Large Language Models (LLMs) continues to expand, leading to increasing interest in personalized LLMs that align with human values. However, aligning these models with individual values raises significant safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Sooyung Choi , Jaehyeok Lee , Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Xing Xie , JinYeong Bak

Large Language Models have seen rapid progress in capability in recent years; this progress has been accelerating and their capabilities, measured by various benchmarks, are beginning to approach those of humans. There is a strong demand to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Brett Israelsen , Soumalya Sarkar

Safety evaluations of large language models (LLMs) typically report binary outcomes, i.e. attack success rate (ASR), refusal rate, or harmful versus safe classification, which hide how risk changes between prompt and response. We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Mengya Hu , Qiong Wei , Sandeep Atluri

This paper examines the efficacy of utilizing large language models (LLMs) to detect public threats posted online. Amid rising concerns over the spread of threatening rhetoric and advance notices of violence, automated content analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Taeksoo Kwon , Connor Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited great performance in autonomously calling various tools in external environments, leading to better problem solving and task automation capabilities. However, these external tools also amplify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Hongfei Xia , Hongru Wang , Zeming Liu , Qian Yu , Yuhang Guo , Haifeng Wang

We introduce LiveSecBench, a continuously updated safety benchmark specifically for Chinese-language LLM application scenarios. LiveSecBench constructs a high-quality and unique dataset through a pipeline that combines automated generation…

Large audio-language models (LALMs) extend text-based LLMs with auditory understanding, offering new opportunities for multimodal applications. While their perception, reasoning, and task performance have been widely studied, their safety…

Large Language Models (LLMs) require careful safety alignment to prevent malicious outputs. While significant research focuses on mitigating harmful content generation, the enhanced safety often come with the side effect of over-refusal,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Justin Cui , Wei-Lin Chiang , Ion Stoica , Cho-Jui Hsieh

As diverse linguistic communities and users adopt large language models (LLMs), assessing their safety across languages becomes critical. Despite ongoing efforts to make LLMs safe, they can still be made to behave unsafely with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Fabio Pernisi , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

As AI systems advance in capabilities, measuring their safety and alignment to human values is becoming paramount. A fast-growing field of AI research is devoted to developing such assessments. However, most current advances therein may be…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Max Hellrigel-Holderbaum , Edward James Young

Command injection vulnerabilities are a significant security threat in dynamic languages like Python, particularly in widely used open-source projects where security issues can have extensive impact. With the proven effectiveness of Large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yuxuan Wang , Jingshu Chen , Qingyang Wang

Large Language Models(LLMs) are increasingly explored for cybersecurity applications such as vulnerability detection. In the domain of threat modelling, prior work has primarily evaluated a number of general-purpose Large Language Models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Saba Pourhanifeh , AbdulAziz AbdulGhaffar , Ashraf Matrawy

This study presents the first comprehensive safety evaluation of the DeepSeek models, focusing on evaluating the safety risks associated with their generated content. Our evaluation encompasses DeepSeek's latest generation of large language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Zonghao Ying , Guangyi Zheng , Yongxin Huang , Deyue Zhang , Wenxin Zhang , Quanchen Zou , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu , Dacheng Tao

Considerable research efforts have been devoted to ensuring that large language models (LLMs) align with human values and generate safe text. However, an excessive focus on sensitivity to certain topics can compromise the model's robustness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Huachuan Qiu , Shuai Zhang , Anqi Li , Hongliang He , Zhenzhong Lan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become powerful tools for automated code generation. However, these models often overlook critical security practices, which can result in the generation of insecure code that contains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Hao Yan , Swapneel Suhas Vaidya , Xiaokuan Zhang , Ziyu Yao

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive capabilities in comprehending complex instructions. However, their blind adherence to provided instructions has led to concerns regarding risks of malicious use. Existing defence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-25 David Glukhov , Ilia Shumailov , Yarin Gal , Nicolas Papernot , Vardan Papyan

Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of large language models (LLMs) in various domains. To better serve the large number of Chinese users, many commercial vendors in China have adopted localization strategies, training and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Zongjie Li , Wenying Qiu , Pingchuan Ma , Yichen Li , You Li , Sijia He , Baozheng Jiang , Shuai Wang , Weixi Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate complex responses to threat-based manipulations, revealing both vulnerabilities and unexpected performance enhancement opportunities. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of 3,390…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Atil Samancioglu

Large Language Models (LLMs) suffer from a range of vulnerabilities that allow malicious users to solicit undesirable responses through manipulation of the input text. These so-called jailbreak prompts are designed to trick the LLM into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 John Hawkins , Aditya Pramar , Rodney Beard , Rohitash Chandra