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Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable success across various tasks. However, efficiently serving LLMs has been a challenge due to the large memory bottleneck, specifically in small batch inference settings (e.g.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jung Hwan Heo , Jeonghoon Kim , Beomseok Kwon , Byeongwook Kim , Se Jung Kwon , Dongsoo Lee

Previous work has shown that the representations output by contextual language models are more anisotropic than static type embeddings, and typically display outlier dimensions. This seems to be true for both monolingual and multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Katharina Hämmerl , Alina Fastowski , Jindřich Libovický , Alexander Fraser

Fine-tuning a pre-trained model on a downstream task often degrades its original capabilities, a phenomenon known as "catastrophic forgetting". This is especially an issue when one does not have access to the data and recipe used to develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Sunny Sanyal , Hayden Prairie , Rudrajit Das , Ali Kavis , Sujay Sanghavi

Large language models (LLMs) excel at natural language tasks but face deployment challenges due to their growing size outpacing GPU memory advancements. Model quantization mitigates this issue by lowering weight and activation precision,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Shizhuo Mao , Song Chen , Yi Kang

Linear transformers have emerged as a subquadratic-time alternative to softmax attention and have garnered significant interest due to their fixed-size recurrent state that lowers inference cost. However, their original formulation suffers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Jean Mercat , Igor Vasiljevic , Sedrick Keh , Kushal Arora , Achal Dave , Adrien Gaidon , Thomas Kollar

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with self-supervision on vast corpora of web text fit to the social biases of that text. Without intervention, these social biases persist in the model's predictions in downstream tasks, leading to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Gustavo Gonçalves , Emma Strubell

In the past few years, large-scale pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP have achieved tremendous success in various fields. Naturally, how to transfer the rich knowledge in such huge pre-trained models to downstream tasks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Tianxiang Hao , Xiaohan Ding , Juexiao Feng , Yuhong Yang , Hui Chen , Guiguang Ding

Recently, pre-trained language models like BERT have shown promising performance on multiple natural language processing tasks. However, the application of these models has been limited due to their huge size. To reduce its size, a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Zihan Zhao , Yuncong Liu , Lu Chen , Qi Liu , Rao Ma , Kai Yu

Prompt tuning is an efficient solution for training large language models (LLMs). However, current soft-prompt-based methods often sacrifice multi-task modularity, requiring the training process to be fully or partially repeated for each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Robert Belanec , Simon Ostermann , Ivan Srba , Maria Bielikova

Softmax loss is widely used in deep neural networks for multi-class classification, where each class is represented by a weight vector, a sample is represented as a feature vector, and the feature vector has the largest projection on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-30 Yuhui Yuan , Kuiyuan Yang , Chao Zhang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly computationally complex, developing efficient deployment strategies, such as quantization, becomes crucial. State-of-the-art Post-training Quantization (PTQ) techniques often rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Alireza Ghaffari , Sharareh Younesian , Boxing Chen , Vahid Partovi Nia , Masoud Asgharian

Language models deployed in the wild make errors. However, simply updating the model with the corrected error instances causes catastrophic forgetting -- the updated model makes errors on instances learned during the instruction tuning or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Xisen Jin , Xiang Ren

Large language models of high parameter counts are computationally expensive, yet can be made much more efficient by compressing their weights to very low numerical precision. This can be achieved either through post-training quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Zifei Xu , Sayeh Sharify , Wanzin Yazar , Tristan Webb , Xin Wang

This paper examines the quantization methods used in large-scale data analysis models and their hyperparameter choices. The recent surge in data analysis scale has significantly increased computational resource requirements. To address…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-31 Shuhei Kashiwamura , Ayaka Sakata , Masaaki Imaizumi

Transformers have demonstrated great power in the recent development of large foundational models. In particular, the Vision Transformer (ViT) has brought revolutionary changes to the field of vision, achieving significant accomplishments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Jiarui Jiang , Wei Huang , Miao Zhang , Taiji Suzuki , Liqiang Nie

Strong reasoning capabilities can now be achieved by large-scale reinforcement learning (RL) without any supervised fine-tuning. Although post-training quantization (PTQ) and quantization-aware training (QAT) are well studied in the context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Medha Kumar , Zifei Xu , Xin Wang , Tristan Webb

Online continual learning is a challenging problem where models must learn from a non-stationary data stream while avoiding catastrophic forgetting. Inter-class imbalance during training has been identified as a major cause of forgetting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Zhehao Huang , Tao Li , Chenhe Yuan , Yingwen Wu , Xiaolin Huang

The effectiveness of large language models (LLMs) is often hindered by duplicated data in their extensive pre-training datasets. Current approaches primarily focus on detecting and removing duplicates, which risks the loss of valuable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Nan He , Weichen Xiong , Hanwen Liu , Yi Liao , Lei Ding , Kai Zhang , Guohua Tang , Xiao Han , Wei Yang

While various avenues of research have been explored for iterative pruning, little is known what effect pruning has on zero-shot test performance and its potential implications on the choice of pruning criteria. This pruning setup is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-06 James O' Neill , Sourav Dutta , Haytham Assem

Transformer-based architectures have become the de-facto standard models for a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks. However, their memory footprint and high latency are prohibitive for efficient deployment and inference on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Yelysei Bondarenko , Markus Nagel , Tijmen Blankevoort
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