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With the ever-increasing volumes of the Earth observation data present in the archives of large programmes such as Copernicus, there is a growing need for efficient vector representations of the underlying raw data. The approach of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Mikolaj Czerkawski , Marcin Kluczek , Jędrzej S. Bojanowski

Modern Earth observation (EO) increasingly leverages deep learning to harness the scale and diversity of satellite imagery across sensors and regions. While recent foundation models have demonstrated promising generalization across EO…

Carefully curated and annotated datasets are the foundation of machine learning, with particularly data-hungry deep neural networks forming the core of what is often called Artificial Intelligence (AI). Due to the massive success of deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Michael Schmitt , Seyed Ali Ahmadi , Yonghao Xu , Gulsen Taskin , Ujjwal Verma , Francescopaolo Sica , Ronny Hansch

Earth observation (EO), aiming at monitoring the state of planet Earth using remote sensing data, is critical for improving our daily lives and living environment. With a growing number of satellites in orbit, an increasing number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zhitong Xiong , Fahong Zhang , Yi Wang , Yilei Shi , Xiao Xiang Zhu

The ever-growing need of data preservation and their systematic analysis contributing to sustainable development of the society spurred in the past decade,numerous Big Data projects and initiatives are focusing on the Earth Observation…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Lachezar Filchev , Lyubka Pashova , Vasil Kolev , Stuart Frye

Large-scale foundation models in Earth Observation can learn versatile, label-efficient representations by leveraging massive amounts of unlabeled data. However, existing public datasets are often limited in scale, geographic coverage, or…

Big streams of Earth images from satellites or other platforms (e.g., drones and mobile phones) are becoming increasingly available at low or no cost and with enhanced spatial and temporal resolution. This thesis recognizes the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Vasileios Sitokonstantinou

Deep learning methods have proven to be a powerful tool in the analysis of large amounts of complex Earth observation data. However, while Earth observation data are multi-modal in most cases, only single or few modalities are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Michael Mommert , Nicolas Kesseli , Joëlle Hanna , Linus Scheibenreif , Damian Borth , Begüm Demir

In the era of deep learning, annotated datasets have become a crucial asset to the remote sensing community. In the last decade, a plethora of different datasets was published, each designed for a specific data type and with a specific task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Michael Schmitt , Pedram Ghamisi , Naoto Yokoya , Ronny Hänsch

Multi-modal co-learning is emerging as an effective paradigm in machine learning, enabling models to collaboratively learn from different modalities to enhance single-modality predictions. Earth Observation (EO) represents a quintessential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Francisco Mena , Dino Ienco , Cassio F. Dantas , Roberto Interdonato , Andreas Dengel

Advances in Earth observation (EO) foundation models have unlocked the potential of big satellite data to learn generic representations from space, benefiting a wide range of downstream applications crucial to our planet. However, most…

We aim to develop a robust yet flexible visual foundation model for Earth observation. It should possess strong capabilities in recognizing and localizing diverse visual targets while providing compatibility with various input-output…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Liang Yao , Fan Liu , Delong Chen , Chuanyi Zhang , Yijun Wang , Ziyun Chen , Wei Xu , Shimin Di , Yuhui Zheng

Earth Observation Foundation Models (EOFMs) have exploded in prevalence as tools for processing the massive volumes of remotely sensed and other earth observation data, and for delivering impact on the many essential earth monitoring tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ryan P. Demilt , Nicholas LaHaye , Karis Tenneson

Foundation models are rapidly transforming Earth Observation data mining by enabling generalizable and scalable solutions for key tasks such as scene classification and semantic segmentation. While most efforts in the geospatial domain have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Man Duc Chuc

The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and Earth observation (EO) technologies has brought geoscience and remote sensing into an era of unparalleled capabilities. AI's transformative impact on data analysis, particularly derived…

Multi-modal data in Earth Observation (EO) presents a huge opportunity for improving transfer learning capabilities when pre-training deep learning models. Unlike prior work that often overlooks multi-modal EO data, recent methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jose Sosa , Danila Rukhovich , Anis Kacem , Djamila Aouada

Recent developments and research in modern machine learning have led to substantial improvements in the geospatial field. Although numerous deep learning architectures and models have been proposed, the majority of them have been solely…

The increasing frequency and severity of climate related disasters have intensified the need for real time monitoring, early warning, and informed decision-making. Earth Observation (EO), powered by satellite data and Machine Learning (ML),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Stella Girtsou , Konstantinos Alexis , Giorgos Giannopoulos , Charalambos Kontoes

Earth Observation (EO) systems are crucial for cartography, disaster surveillance, and resource administration. Nonetheless, they encounter considerable obstacles in the processing and transmission of extensive data, especially in…

While the Earth observation community has witnessed a surge in high-impact foundation models and global Earth embedding datasets, a significant barrier remains in translating these academic assets into freely accessible tools. This tutorial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yijie Zheng , Weijie Wu , Bingyue Wu , Long Zhao , Guoqing Li , Mikolaj Czerkawski , Konstantin Klemmer
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