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The 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) completed the first global 5th generation (5G) new radio (NR) standard in its Release 15, paving the way for making 5G a commercial reality. So, what is next in NR evolution to further expand…

The limited spectrum resources and dramatic growth of high data rate communications have motivated opportunistic spectrum access using the promising concept of cognitive radio networks. Although this concept has emerged primarily to enhance…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-12-03 Hossein Shokri-Ghadikolaei , Ioannis Glaropoulos , Viktoria Fodor , Carlo Fischione , Konstantinos Dimou

Public safety operations require fast and reliable mission critical communications under various scenarios, in which the availability of wireless connectivity can be a question of life or death. To provide connectivity when and where it…

Heterogeneous cloud radio access networks (H-CRANs) are envisioned to be promising in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks. H-CRANs enable users to enjoy diverse services with high energy efficiency, high spectral efficiency, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Fuhui Zhou , Yongpeng Wu , Rose Qingyang Hu , Yuhao Wang , Kai-Kit Wong

Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) along with artificial intelligence, machine learning, cloud and edge networking, and virtualization are important enablers for designing flexible and software-driven programmable wireless networks. In…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Ali Fuat Sahin , Onur Salan , Ibrahim Hokelek , Ali Gorcin

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has defined based on the Long Term Evolution (LTE) enhanced Multicast Broadcast Multimedia Service (eMBMS) a set of new features to support the distribution of Terrestrial Broadcast services in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Mikko Säily , Carlos Barjau Estevan , Jordi Joan Gimenez , Fasil Tesema , Wei Guo , David Gomez-Barquero , De Mi

Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) and massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) are two key enabling technologies to meet the diverse and stringent requirements of the 5G use cases. In a C-RAN system with massive MIMO, fronthaul is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-11 Jobin Francis , Gerhard Fettweis

Increasing electricity prices motivates the mobile network operators to find new energy-efficient solutions for radio access networks (RANs). In this study, we focus on a specific type of RAN where the stand-alone solar panels are used as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Turgay Pamuklu , Cem Ersoy

As wireless communication systems become more advanced, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) stand out as a notable framework that promotes interoperability and cost-effectiveness. An examination of the progression of RAN architectures, as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Mira Chandra Kirana , Patatchona Keyela , Fatemeh Rostamian , Deemah H. Tashman , Soumaya Cherkaoui

Reducing energy consumption is crucial to reduce the human debt's with regard to our planet. Therefore most companies try to reduce their energetic consumption while taking care to preserve the service delivered to their customers. To do…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Xavier Marjou , Tangui Le Gléau , Vincent Messié , Benoit Radier , Tayeb Lemlouma , Gaël Fromentoux

Energy Efficiency in wireless sensor networks is an important topic in which the nodes rely on battery power, and efficient energy usage is a key issue for sensitive applications that require long working times. This stimulates many…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Ghassan Samara

The next generation wireless standard, called Fifth Generation (5G), is being designed to encompass Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) architectures consisting of a single holistic network with Multiple Radio Access Technologies (Multi-RAT).…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-01-14 M. Shahwaiz Afaqui , Cristina Cano , Vincent Kotzsch , Clemens Felber , Walter Nitzold

The research community has already identified that, by 2030, 5G networks will reach the capacity limits, and hence, will be inadequate to support next generation bandwidth-hungry, ubiquitous, intelligent services, and applications.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Sridhar Iyer , Anita Patil , Shilpa Bhairanatti , Soumya Halagatti , Rahul Jashvantbhai Pandya

Federated Learning (FL) enables distributed model training on edge devices while preserving data privacy. However, FL deployments in wireless networks face significant challenges, including communication overhead, unreliable connectivity,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Abdelaziz Salama , Mohammed M. H. Qazzaz , Syed Danial Ali Shah , Maryam Hafeez , Syed Ali Zaidi , Hamed Ahmadi

The open radio access network (O-RAN) describes an industry-driven open architecture and interfaces for building next generation RANs with artificial intelligence (AI) controllers. We circulated a survey among researchers, developers, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Aly S. Abdalla , Pratheek S. Upadhyaya , Vijay K. Shah , Vuk Marojevic

Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) has become the most certain and prominent feature of 6G mobile networks. Unlike 5G, where AI/ML was not natively integrated but rather an add-on feature over existing architecture, 6G shall…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Nan Li , Qi Sun , Lehan Wang , Xiaofei Xu , Jinri Huang , Chunhui Liu , Jing Gao , Yuhong Huang , Chih-Lin I

This paper introduces an innovative method for predicting wireless network traffic in concise temporal intervals for Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) using a transformer architecture, which is the machine learning model behind generative…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Md Arafat Habib , Pedro Enrique Iturria-Rivera , Yigit Ozcan , Medhat Elsayed , Majid Bavand , Raimundus Gaigalas , Melike Erol-Kantarci

In modern wireless communication systems, there is a rapidly increasing demand for connectivity to wireless networks. Devices such as internet of things (IoT) devices, connected vehicles, smartphones, surveillance systems, and various other…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Armin Farhadi , Ali Olfat

Fifth-generation (5G) systems are increasingly studied as shared communication and computing infrastructure for connected vehicles, roadside edge platforms, and future unmanned-system applications. Yet results from simulators, host-OS…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ryan Barker , Tolunay Seyfi , Alireza Ebrahimi Dorcheh , Julia Boone , Fatemeh Afghah , Joseph Boccuzzi

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of tiny nodes that have low energy levels and have become an essential component of the modern communication infrastructure and very important in industry and academia. Energy is crucial in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Ghassan Samara , Ghadeer Al Besani , Mohammad Alauthman , Mohammad Al Khaldy