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Translation is important for cross-language communication, and many efforts have been made to improve its accuracy. However, less investment is conducted in aligning translations with human preferences, such as translation tones or styles.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Shuqiao Sun , Yutong Yao , Peiwen Wu , Feijun Jiang , Kaifu Zhang

Traditional reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) for large language models (LLMs) relies on expensive human-annotated datasets, while Reinforcement Learning from AI Feedback (RLAIF) also incurs significant costs, requiring the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Shangjian Yin , Zhepei Wei , Xinyu Zhu , Wei-Lin Chen , Yu Meng

Despite notable advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), most state-of-the-art models have not undergone thorough alignment with human preferences. This gap exists because current alignment research has primarily achieved…

Preference optimization, particularly through Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), has achieved significant success in aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) to adhere to human intentions. Unlike offline alignment with a fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Shenao Zhang , Donghan Yu , Hiteshi Sharma , Han Zhong , Zhihan Liu , Ziyi Yang , Shuohang Wang , Hany Hassan , Zhaoran Wang

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is currently the most widely used method to align large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Existing RLHF methods can be roughly categorized as either reward-based or reward-free.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Shusheng Xu , Wei Fu , Jiaxuan Gao , Wenjie Ye , Weilin Liu , Zhiyu Mei , Guangju Wang , Chao Yu , Yi Wu

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a pivotal tool for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), one of the most popular approaches, formulates RLHF as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Jiafan He , Huizhuo Yuan , Quanquan Gu

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a diverse range of applications. These models excel in generating text completions that are contextually coherent and cover an extensive array of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Bradley Butcher

Traditional sentence embedding methods employ token-level contrastive learning on non-generative pre-trained models. Recently, there have emerged embedding methods based on generative large language models (LLMs). These methods either rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ziyang Chen , Zhenxuan Huang , Yile Wang , Weiqin Wang , Lu Yin , Hui Huang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used as decision aids. However, users have diverse values and preferences that can affect their decision-making, which requires novel methods for LLM alignment and personalization.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Bharadwaj Ravichandran , David Joy , Paul Elliott , Brian Hu , Jadie Adams , Christopher Funk , Emily Veenhuis , Anthony Hoogs , Arslan Basharat

Preference learning is critical for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, with the quality of preference datasets playing a crucial role in this process. While existing metrics primarily assess data quality based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Kexin Huang , Junkang Wu , Ziqian Chen , Xue Wang , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Jiancan Wu , Xiangnan He , Xiang Wang

Alignment with human preference prevents large language models (LLMs) from generating misleading or toxic content while requiring high-cost human feedback. Assuming resources of human annotation are limited, there are two different ways of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Feifan Song , Bowen Yu , Hao Lang , Haiyang Yu , Fei Huang , Houfeng Wang , Yongbin Li

The advent of black-box deep neural network classification models has sparked the need to explain their decisions. However, in the case of generative AI, such as large language models (LLMs), there is no class prediction to explain. Rather,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ronny Luss , Erik Miehling , Amit Dhurandhar

In this work, we introduce a methodology for alignment designed to enhance the ability of large language models (LLMs) to articulate their reasoning (self-explanation) even in the absence of annotated rationale explanations. Our alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Luis Felipe Villa-Arenas , Ata Nizamoglu , Qianli Wang , Sebastian Möller , Vera Schmitt

While post-training has successfully improved large language models (LLMs) across a variety of domains, these gains heavily rely on human-labeled data or external verifiers. Existing data has already been exploited, and new data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hyunji Nam , Haoran Li , Natasha Jaques

Large Language Models (LLMs) can perform various natural language processing tasks with suitable instruction prompts. However, designing effective prompts manually is challenging and time-consuming. Existing methods for automatic prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Viet-Tung Do , Van-Khanh Hoang , Duy-Hung Nguyen , Shahab Sabahi , Jeff Yang , Hajime Hotta , Minh-Tien Nguyen , Hung Le

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the role of AI, yet pose potential social risks. To steer LLMs towards human preference, alignment technologies have been introduced and gained increasing attention. Nevertheless, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Shitong Duan , Xiaoyuan Yi , Peng Zhang , Yan Liu , Zheng Liu , Tun Lu , Xing Xie , Ning Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often aligned using contrastive alignment objectives and preference pair datasets. The interaction between model, paired data, and objective makes alignment a complicated procedure, sometimes producing…

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a key method for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, current offline alignment approaches like DPO, IPO, and SLiC rely heavily on fixed preference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Mucong Ding , Souradip Chakraborty , Vibhu Agrawal , Zora Che , Alec Koppel , Mengdi Wang , Amrit Bedi , Furong Huang

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences in federated learning (FL) is challenging due to decentralized, privacy-sensitive, and highly non-IID preference data. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) offers an efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Kewen Zhu , Liping Yi , Zhiming Zhao , Zhuang Qi , Han Yu , Qinghua Hu

In the quest to advance human-centric natural language generation (NLG) systems, ensuring alignment between NLG models and human preferences is crucial. For this alignment, current popular methods leverage a reinforcement learning (RL)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Jiashuo Wang , Haozhao Wang , Shichao Sun , Wenjie Li