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We consider the problem of efficient inference of the Average Treatment Effect in a sequential experiment where the policy governing the assignment of subjects to treatment or control can change over time. We first provide a central limit…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-05 Thomas Cook , Alan Mishler , Aaditya Ramdas

This paper extends my research applying statistical decision theory to treatment choice with sample data, using maximum regret to evaluate the performance of treatment rules. The specific new contribution is to study as-if optimization…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-10-05 Charles F. Manski

In this review, we present econometric and statistical methods for analyzing randomized experiments. For basic experiments we stress randomization-based inference as opposed to sampling-based inference. In randomization-based inference,…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-26 Susan Athey , Guido Imbens

In many public health settings, there is a perceived tension between allocating resources to known vulnerable areas and learning about the overall prevalence of the problem. Inspired by a door-to-door Covid-19 testing program we helped…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Ben Chugg , Daniel E. Ho

We study the design of multi-armed parallel group clinical trials to estimate personalized treatment rules that identify the best treatment for a given patient with given covariates. Assuming that the outcomes in each treatment arm are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-13 David Azriel , Yosef Rinott , Martin Posch

Efficient planning of scarce resources in hospitals is a challenging task for which a large variety of Operations Research and Management Science approaches have been developed since the 1950s. While efficient planning of single resources…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Sebastian Rachuba , Melanie Reuter-Oppermann , Clemens Thielen

Simulation-based inference plays a major role in modern statistics, and often employs either reallocating (as in a randomization test) or resampling (as in bootstrapping). Reallocating mimics random allocation to treatment groups, while…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-08 Kari Lock Morgan

We consider effort allocation in crowdsourcing, where we wish to assign labeling tasks to imperfect homogeneous crowd workers to maximize overall accuracy in a continuous-time Bayesian setting, subject to budget and time constraints. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-01 Weici Hu , Peter I. Frazier

We investigate computational and mechanism design aspects of scarce resource allocation, where the primary rationing mechanism is through waiting times. Specifically we consider allocating medical treatments to a population of patients.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-12-09 Mark Braverman , Jing Chen , Sampath Kannan

In many societal resource allocation domains, machine learning methods are increasingly used to either score or rank agents in order to decide which ones should receive either resources (e.g., homeless services) or scrutiny (e.g., child…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Andrew Estornell , Sanmay Das , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Resource constraints can fundamentally change both learning and decision-making. We explore how memory constraints influence an agent's performance when navigating unknown environments using standard reinforcement learning algorithms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Massimiliano Tamborski , David Abel

Healthcare programs such as Medicaid provide crucial services to vulnerable populations, but due to limited resources, many of the individuals who need these services the most languish on waiting lists. Survival models, e.g. the Cox…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Kamrun Naher Keya , Rashidul Islam , Shimei Pan , Ian Stockwell , James R. Foulds

Researchers often turn to block randomization to increase the precision of their inference or due to practical considerations, such as in multisite trials. However, if the number of treatments under consideration is large it might not be…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Taehyeon Koo , Nicole E. Pashley

We consider the problem of how to assign treatment in a randomized experiment, in which the correlation among the outcomes is informed by a network available pre-intervention. Working within the potential outcome causal framework, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-19 Guillaume W. Basse , Edoardo M. Airoldi

In many applications such as rationing medical care and supplies, university admissions, and the assignment of public housing, the decision of who receives an allocation can be justified by various normative criteria. Such settings have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Siddhartha Banerjee , Matthew Eichhorn , David Kempe

Machine learning-based decision support systems are increasingly deployed in clinical settings, where probabilistic scoring functions are used to inform and prioritize patient management decisions. However, widely used scoring rules, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Gerardo A. Flores , Alyssa H. Smith , Julia A. Fukuyama , Ashia C. Wilson

Dose selection is critical in pharmaceutical drug development, as it directly impacts therapeutic efficacy and patient safety of a drug. The Generalized Multiple Comparison Procedures and Modeling (MCP-Mod) approach is commonly used in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-23 Lukas Pin , Oleksandr Sverdlov , Frank Bretz , Björn Bornkamp

Optimizing resource allocation for analytical workloads is vital for reducing costs of cloud-data services. At the same time, it is incredibly hard for users to allocate resources per query in serverless processing systems, and they…

With an ever growing number of heterogeneous applicational services running on equally heterogeneous computational systems, the problem of resource management becomes more essential. Although current solutions consider some network and time…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Rui Eduardo Lopes , Duarte Raposo , Pedro V. Teixeira , Susana Sargento

We introduce a novel loss function to minimize the outage probability of an ML-based resource allocation system. A single-user multi-resource greedy allocation strategy constitutes our application scenario, for which an ML binary…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-21 Nidhi Simmons , David E Simmons , Michel Daoud Yacoub