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Experimentally, certain degrees of freedom may appear classical because their quantum fluctuations are smaller than the experimental error associated with measuring them. An approximation to a fully quantum theory is described in which the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arlen Anderson

Classical and quantum physics provide fundamentally different predictions about experiments with separate observers that do not communicate, a phenomenon known as quantum nonlocality. This insight is a key element of our present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-17 Jonatan Bohr Brask , Rafael Chaves

Besides well-known conditions of locality or factorisability, deriving the Bell inequalities requires assuming that the distribution of hidden variables and Alice's and Bob's measurement settings be independent of each other. We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 G. Bacciagaluppi , R. Hermens , G. Leegwater

This paper illustrates a direct connection between quantum steering and non-trivial preparation contextuality. In two party-two measurement per party-two outcomes per measurement $(2-2-2)$ Bell scenario, any argument of Bell nonlocality is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-02 Prabuddha Roy , A. K. Pan

In this paper we consider the following question: how many bits of classical communication and shared random bits are necessary to simulate a quantum protocol involving Alice and Bob where they share k entangled quantum bits and do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Allison Coates

Recently the authors in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 090401 (2020)] considered the following scenario: Alice and Bob each have half of a pair of entangled qubit state. Bob measures his half and then passes his part to a second Bob who measures…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-30 Tinggui Zhang , Shao-Ming Fei

Quantum physics exhibits remarkable distinguishing characteristics. For example, it gives only probabilistic predictions (non-determinism) and does not allow copying of unknown state (no-cloning). Quantum correlations may be stronger than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 M. Pawlowski , T. Paterek , D. Kaszlikowski , V. Scarani , A. Winter , M. Zukowski

In this work, we experimentally investigate the classical-light emulation of different notions of nonclassicality in the simplest scenario. We implement this prepare-and-measure scenario involving four preparations and two binary-outcome…

Based on the new general framework for the probabilistic description of experiments, introduced in quant-ph/0305126, quant-ph/0312199, we analyze in mathematical terms the link between the validity of Bell-type inequalities under joint…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Elena R. Loubenets

In this universe, governed fundamentally by quantum mechanical laws, characterized by indeterminism and distributed probabilities, classical deterministic laws are applicable over a wide range of time, place, and scale. We review the origin…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 James B. Hartle

In recent years, much research has been devoted to exploring contextuality in systems that are not strictly quantum, like classical light, and many theory-independent frameworks for contextuality analysis have been developed. It has raised…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-02 Alisson Tezzin

Characterising non-classical quantum phenomena is crucial not only from a fundamental perspective, but also to better understand its capabilities for information processing and communication tasks. In this work, we focus on exploring the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-16 Vinicius P. Rossi , Matty J. Hoban , Ana Belén Sainz

Setups in which a system Alice emits field quanta which a system Bob receives are prototypical for wireless communication and have been extensively studied. In the most basic setup, Alice and Bob are modelled as Unruh-DeWitt detectors for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Mathieu Cliche , Achim Kempf

Correlations of spins in a system of entangled particles are inconsistent with Kolmogorov's probability theory (KPT), provided the system is assumed to be non-contextual. In the Alice-Bob EPR paradigm, non-contextuality means that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala

Nonclassical properties of correlations-- like unpredictability, no-cloning and uncertainty-- are known to follow from two assumptions: nonlocality and no-signaling. For two-input-two-output correlations, we derive these properties from a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-02 S. Aravinda , R. Srikanth

Bell's theorem basically states that local hidden variable theory cannot predict the correlations produced by quantum mechanics. It is based on the assumption that Alice and Bob can choose measurements from a measurement set containing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-22 Yang D. Li

The uncertainty principle sets lower bound on the uncertainties of two incompatible observables measured on a particle. The uncertainty lower bound can be reduced by considering a particle as a quantum memory entangled with the measured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-10 F. Adabi , S. Haseli , S. Salimi

In this paper I demonstrate that the quantum correlations of polarization (or spin) observables used in Bell's argument against local realism have to be interpreted as {\it conditional} quantum correlations. By taking into account…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Andrei Khrennikov

In 1935, Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen argued that quantum mechanics is incomplete based on the assumption that local actions cannot influence elements of reality at a distant location (local realism). In this work, using a recently defined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 J. S. Araújo , Diego S. Starke , A. S. Coelho , J. Maziero , G. H. Aguilar , R. M. Angelo

The mathematical framework of quantum theory, though fundamentally distinct from classical physics, raises the question of whether quantum processes can be efficiently simulated using classical resources. For instance, a sender (Alice)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-17 Sahil Gopalkrishna Naik , Mani Zartab , Nicolas Gisin , Manik Banik