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Large Language Models (LLMs) have made substantial strides in structured tasks through Reinforcement Learning (RL), demonstrating proficiency in mathematical reasoning and code generation. However, applying RL in broader domains like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Hao Sun , Yunyi Shen , Jean-Francois Ton , Mihaela van der Schaar

The advantages of event-sensing over conventional sensors (e.g., higher dynamic range, lower time latency, and lower power consumption) have spurred research into machine learning for event data. Unsurprisingly, deep learning has emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Fuqiang Gu , Weicong Sng , Xuke Hu , Fangwen Yu

Prompt optimization improves the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) without requiring parameter updates to the target model. Following heuristic-based "Think step by step" approaches, the field has evolved in two main…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Andreea Nica , Ivan Zakazov , Nicolas Mario Baldwin , Saibo Geng , Robert West

The task of event extraction has long been investigated in a supervised learning paradigm, which is bound by the number and the quality of the training instances. Existing training data must be manually generated through a combination of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Ying Zeng , Yansong Feng , Rong Ma , Zheng Wang , Rui Yan , Chongde Shi , Dongyan Zhao

Low sample efficiency is an enduring challenge of reinforcement learning (RL). With the advent of versatile large language models (LLMs), recent works impart common-sense knowledge to accelerate policy learning for RL processes. However, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Fuxiang Zhang , Junyou Li , Yi-Chen Li , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu , Deheng Ye

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) enhances reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) but usually exhibits limited generation diversity due to the over-incentivization of positive rewards. Although methods like Negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zihan Lin , Xiaohan Wang , Jie Cao , Jiajun Chai , Li Wang , Xiaodong Lu , Wei Lin , Ran He , Guojun Yin

In-context learning (ICL), a predominant trend in instruction learning, aims at enhancing the performance of large language models by providing clear task guidance and examples, improving their capability in task understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Cheng Chen , Yunpeng Zhai , Yifan Zhao , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Jia Li

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and GPT-4 have attracted great attention given their surprising performance on a wide range of NLP tasks. Length controlled generation of LLMs emerges as an important topic, which enables users to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Renlong Jie , Xiaojun Meng , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Few-shot prompting and step-by-step reasoning have enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in tackling complex tasks including code generation. In this paper, we introduce a prompt selection and augmentation algorithm…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-21 On Tai Wu , Frodo Kin Sun Chan , Zunhao Zhang , Yan Nei Law , Benny Drescher , Edmond Shiao Bun Lai

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards~(RLVR) has become a prominent paradigm to enhance the capabilities (i.e.\ long-context) of Large Language Models~(LLMs). However, it often relies on gold-standard answers or explicit evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yao Xiao , Lei Wang , Yue Deng , Guanzheng Chen , Ziqi Jin , Jung-jae Kim , Xiaoli Li , Roy Ka-wei Lee , Lidong Bing

Process rewards have been widely used in deep reinforcement learning to improve training efficiency, reduce variance, and prevent reward hacking. In LLM reasoning, existing works also explore various solutions for learning effective process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Xian Wu , Kaijie Zhu , Ying Zhang , Lun Wang , Wenbo Guo

The news landscape is continuously evolving, with an ever-increasing volume of information from around the world. Automated event detection within this vast data repository is essential for monitoring, identifying, and categorizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Adane Nega Tarekegn

Recent advancements in event-based zero-shot object recognition have demonstrated promising results. However, these methods heavily depend on extensive training and are inherently constrained by the characteristics of CLIP. To the best of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Zongyou Yu , Qiang Qu , Xiaoming Chen , Chen Wang

Event cameras record visual information as asynchronous pixel change streams, excelling at scene perception under unsatisfactory lighting or high-dynamic conditions. Existing multimodal large language models (MLLMs) concentrate on natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Shaoyu Liu , Jianing Li , Guanghui Zhao , Yunjian Zhang , Xin Meng , Fei Richard Yu , Xiangyang Ji , Ming Li

Recently DeepSeek R1 has shown that reinforcement learning (RL) can substantially improve the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through a simple yet effective design. The core of R1 lies in its rule-based reward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Haozhan Shen , Peng Liu , Jingcheng Li , Chunxin Fang , Yibo Ma , Jiajia Liao , Qiaoli Shen , Zilun Zhang , Kangjia Zhao , Qianqian Zhang , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements in event-based vision, yet the comprehensive evaluation of their capabilities within a unified benchmark remains largely unexplored. In this work, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shaoyu Liu , Jianing Li , Guanghui Zhao , Yunjian Zhang , Xiangyang Ji

Being probabilistic models, during inference large language models (LLMs) display rare events: behaviour that is far from typical but highly significant. By definition all rare events are hard to see, but the enormous scale of LLM usage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jake McAllister Dorman , Edward Gillman , Dominic C. Rose , Jamie F. Mair , Juan P. Garrahan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms often require long training to become useful, especially in complex environments with sparse rewards. While techniques like reward shaping and curriculum learning exist to accelerate training, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Lukas Toral , Teddy Lazebnik

Anomaly detection in computational workflows is critical for ensuring system reliability and security. However, traditional rule-based methods struggle to detect novel anomalies. This paper leverages large language models (LLMs) for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Hongwei Jin , George Papadimitriou , Krishnan Raghavan , Pawel Zuk , Prasanna Balaprakash , Cong Wang , Anirban Mandal , Ewa Deelman

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful post-training technique to incentivize the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs). However, LLMs can respond very inconsistently to RL finetuning: some show substantial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Zhepeng Cen , Yihang Yao , William Han , Zuxin Liu , Ding Zhao