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Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in databases and data mining. A scalable ANNS algorithm should be both memory-efficient and fast. Some early graph-based approaches have shown attractive theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Cong Fu , Chao Xiang , Changxu Wang , Deng Cai

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a crucial problem in information retrieval and AI applications. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in graph-based ANNS algorithms due to their superior efficiency and accuracy.…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhenxin Li , Shuibing He , Jiahao Guo , Xuechen Zhang , Xian-He Sun , Gang Chen

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) constitutes an important operation in a multitude of applications, including recommendation systems, information retrieval, and pattern recognition. In the past decade, graph-based ANNS algorithms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Mengzhao Wang , Xiaoliang Xu , Qiang Yue , Yuxiang Wang

Graph-based algorithms have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in the nearest neighbor search (NN-Search) problem. These empirical successes urge the need for theoretical results that guarantee the search quality and efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Anshumali Shrivastava , Zhao Song , Zhaozhuo Xu

Graph-based approaches are empirically shown to be very successful for the nearest neighbor search (NNS). However, there has been very little research on their theoretical guarantees. We fill this gap and rigorously analyze the performance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-21 Liudmila Prokhorenkova , Aleksandr Shekhovtsov

We consider the fundamental problem of decomposing a large-scale approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) problem into smaller sub-problems. The goal is to partition the input points into neighborhood-preserving shards, so that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Lars Gottesbüren , Laxman Dhulipala , Rajesh Jayaram , Jakub Lacki

We present the first systematic investigation of graph reordering effects for graph-based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) on a GPU. While graph-based ANNS has become the dominant paradigm for modern AI applications, recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yutaro Oguri , Mai Nishimura , Yusuke Matsui

Graph-based algorithms have shown great empirical potential for the approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search problem. Currently, graph-based ANN search algorithms are designed mainly using heuristics, whereas theoretical analysis of such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Dantong Zhu , Minjia Zhang

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is the task of finding the database vector that is closest to a given query vector. Graph-based ANNS is the family of methods with the best balance of accuracy and speed for million-scale datasets.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Naoki Ono , Yusuke Matsui

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) has become a fundamental component in many real-world applications. Among various ANNS algorithms, graph-based methods are state-of-the-art. However, ANNS often suffers from a significant drop in…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhiyuan Hua , Qiji Mo , Zebin Yao , Lixiao Cui , Xiaoguang Liu , Gang Wang , Zijing Wei , Xinyu Liu , Tianxiao Tang , Shaozhi Liu , Lin Qu

Similarity graphs are an active research direction for the nearest neighbor search (NNS) problem. New algorithms for similarity graph construction are continuously being proposed and analyzed by both theoreticians and practitioners.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Dmitry Baranchuk , Artem Babenko

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is fundamental to modern AI applications. Most existing solutions optimize query efficiency but fail to align with the practical requirements of modern workloads. In this paper, we outline six…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Kejing Lu , Zhenpeng Pan , Jianbin Qin , Yoshiharu Ishikawa , Chuan Xiao

For approximate nearest neighbor search, graph-based algorithms have shown to offer the best trade-off between accuracy and search time. We propose the Dynamic Exploration Graph (DEG) which significantly outperforms existing algorithms in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Nico Hezel , Kai Uwe Barthel , Konstantin Schall , Klaus Jung

Approximate Nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is fundamental and essential operation in applications from many domains, such as databases, machine learning, multimedia, and computer vision. Although many algorithms have been continuously…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Wen Li , Ying Zhang , Yifang Sun , Wei Wang , Wenjie Zhang , Xuemin Lin

We present a theoretical and empirical analysis of the adaptive entry point selection for graph-based approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS). We introduce novel concepts: $b\textit{-monotonic path}$ and $B\textit{-MSNET}$, which better…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Yutaro Oguri , Yusuke Matsui

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a key retrieval technique for vector database and many data center applications, such as person re-identification and recommendation systems. It is also fundamental to retrieval augmented…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Yitu Wang , Shiyu Li , Qilin Zheng , Linghao Song , Zongwang Li , Andrew Chang , Hai "Helen" Li , Yiran Chen

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) underpins many large-scale data mining and machine learning applications, with efficient retrieval increasingly hinging on GPU acceleration as dataset sizes grow. Although graph-based approaches…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yaowen Liu , Xuejia Chen , Anxin Tian , Haoyang Li , Qinbin Li , Xin Zhang , Alexander Zhou , Chen Jason Zhang , Qing Li , Lei Chen

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANN) is a common way to retrieve relevant search results, especially now in the context of large language models and retrieval augmented generation. One of the most widely used algorithms for ANN is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Nina Mishra , Yonatan Naamad , Tal Wagner , Lichen Zhang

Approximate nearest-neighbor search (ANNS) algorithms are a key part of the modern deep learning stack due to enabling efficient similarity search over high-dimensional vector space representations (i.e., embeddings) of data. Among various…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Magdalen Dobson Manohar , Zheqi Shen , Guy E. Blelloch , Laxman Dhulipala , Yan Gu , Harsha Vardhan Simhadri , Yihan Sun

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental and critical component in many applications, including recommendation systems and large language model-based applications. With the advancement of multimodal neural models, which…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Meng Chen , Kai Zhang , Zhenying He , Yinan Jing , X. Sean Wang
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