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Related papers: Dissecting Human and LLM Preferences

200 papers

Having been trained on massive pretraining data, large language models have shown excellent performance on many knowledge-intensive tasks. However, pretraining data tends to contain misleading and even conflicting information, and it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jiahuan Li , Yiqing Cao , Shujian Huang , Jiajun Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities but often struggle to align with human preferences, leading to harmful or undesirable outputs. Preference learning, which trains models to distinguish between preferred…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Shawn Im , Sharon Li

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved the alignment of models with general human preferences. However, a major challenge remains in adapting LLMs to individual preferences, which are not only diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Shanyong Wang , Shuhang Lin , Yining Zhao , Xi Zhu , Yongfeng Zhang

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), such as LLaVA-series models, are driven by massive machine-generated instruction-following data tuning. Such automatic instruction collection pipelines, however, inadvertently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hongzhe Huang , Jiang Liu , Zhewen Yu , Li Cai , Dian Jiao , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang , Juncheng Li , Hao Jiang , Haoyuan Li , Yueting Zhuang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in decision-support systems for high-stakes domains such as hiring and university admissions, where choices often involve selecting among competing alternatives. While prior work has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haonan Yin , Shai Vardi , Vidyanand Choudhary

Reward models (RMs) are central to aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values but have received less attention than pretrained and post-trained LLMs themselves. Because RMs are initialized from LLMs, they inherit…

Alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) remains an unsolved problem. Human preferences are highly distributed and can be captured at multiple levels of abstraction, from the individual to diverse populations. Organisational preferences,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Gareth Seneque , Lap-Hang Ho , Ariel Kuperman , Nafise Erfanian Saeedi , Jeffrey Molendijk

LLMs are aligned to follow input instructions by learning which of two responses users prefer for a prompt. However, such preference data do not convey why users prefer responses that are chosen or rejected, so LLMs trained on these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Nishant Balepur , Vishakh Padmakumar , Fumeng Yang , Shi Feng , Rachel Rudinger , Jordan Lee Boyd-Graber

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in environments where they encounter social information such as other agents' answers, tool outputs, or human recommendations. In humans, such inputs influence judgments in ways that depend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Anooshka Bajaj , Zoran Tiganj

As large language models (LLMs) advance their capabilities, aligning these models with human preferences has become crucial. Preference optimization, which trains models to distinguish between preferred and non-preferred responses based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Shawn Im , Sharon Li

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly integrate into everyday workflows, where users shape outcomes through multi-turn collaboration, a critical question emerges: do users with different personality traits systematically prefer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Sarfaroz Yunusov , Kaige Chen , Kazi Nishat Anwar , Ali Emami

Human feedback is commonly utilized to finetune AI assistants. But human feedback may also encourage model responses that match user beliefs over truthful ones, a behaviour known as sycophancy. We investigate the prevalence of sycophancy in…

In this study, we investigate the capabilities and inherent biases of advanced large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 in the context of debate evaluation. We discover that LLM's performance exceeds humans and surpasses the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Xinyi Liu , Pinxin Liu , Hangfeng He

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as automatic evaluators in applications such as benchmarking, reward modeling, and self-refinement. Prior work highlights a potential self-preference bias where LLMs favor their own…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Wei-Lin Chen , Zhepei Wei , Xinyu Zhu , Shi Feng , Yu Meng

In various work contexts, such as meeting scheduling, collaborating, and project planning, collective decision-making is essential but often challenging due to diverse individual preferences, varying work focuses, and power dynamics among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Marios Papachristou , Longqi Yang , Chin-Chia Hsu

The evaluation of large language models faces significant challenges. Technical benchmarks often lack real-world relevance, while existing human preference evaluations suffer from unrepresentative sampling, superficial assessment depth, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Nora Petrova , Andrew Gordon , Enzo Blindow

Large language models generate judgments that resemble those of humans. Yet the extent to which these models align with human judgments in interpreting figurative and socially grounded language remains uncertain. To investigate this, human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Samhita Bollepally , Aurora Sloman-Moll , Takashi Yamauchi

The conformity effect describes the tendency of individuals to align their responses with the majority. Studying this bias in large language models (LLMs) is crucial, as LLMs are increasingly used in various information-seeking and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xiaochen Zhu , Caiqi Zhang , Tom Stafford , Nigel Collier , Andreas Vlachos

Safety fine-tuning helps align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences for their safe deployment. To better understand the underlying factors that make models safe via safety fine-tuning, we design a synthetic data generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Samyak Jain , Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Kemal Oksuz , Tom Joy , Philip H. S. Torr , Amartya Sanyal , Puneet K. Dokania

Human feedback is central to the alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, open questions remain about methods (how), domains (where), people (who) and objectives (to what end) of feedback processes. To navigate these questions,…