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Related papers: Dissecting Human and LLM Preferences

200 papers

While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is widely used to align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, it typically assumes homogeneous preferences across users, overlooking diverse human values and minority…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yijiang River Dong , Tiancheng Hu , Yinhong Liu , Ahmet Üstün , Nigel Collier

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have witnessed a remarkable surge in prevalence, altering the landscape of natural language processing and machine learning. One key factor in improving the performance of LLMs is alignment with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Keita Saito , Akifumi Wachi , Koki Wataoka , Youhei Akimoto

Large language models (LLMs) can lead to undesired consequences when misaligned with human values, especially in scenarios involving complex and sensitive social biases. Previous studies have revealed the misalignment of LLMs with human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yang Liu , Chenhui Chu

Motivated by scaling laws in language modeling that demonstrate how test loss scales as a power law with model and dataset sizes, we find that similar laws exist in preference modeling. We propose World Preference Modeling$ (WorldPM) to…

Large Language Models are cognitively biased judges. Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been shown to be effective as automatic evaluators with simple prompting and in-context learning. In this work, we assemble 15 LLMs of four…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Ryan Koo , Minhwa Lee , Vipul Raheja , Jong Inn Park , Zae Myung Kim , Dongyeop Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress through preference-based fine-tuning, which critically depends on the quality of the underlying training data. While human feedback is essential for improving data quality,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Derin Cayir , Renjie Tao , Rashi Rungta , Kai Sun , Sean Chen , Haidar Khan , Minseok Kim , Julia Reinspach , Yue Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs), when used in educational settings without pedagogical fine-tuning, often provide immediate answers rather than guiding students through the problem-solving process. This approach falls short of pedagogically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shashank Sonkar , Kangqi Ni , Sapana Chaudhary , Richard G. Baraniuk

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant strides, extending their applications to dialogue systems, automated content creation, and domain-specific advisory tasks. However, as their use grows, concerns have emerged regarding their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Bing Song , Jianing Liu , Sisi Jian , Chenyang Wu , Vinayak Dixit

In many applications, human and LLM evaluators use assessments of relevant criteria to create an overall evaluation for an item or individual. For example, in admissions, committees assess candidates on attributes such as test scores, GPA,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Madeline Celi Kitch , Nihar B. Shah

Emotions exert an immense influence over human behavior and cognition in both commonplace and high-stress tasks. Discussions of whether or how to integrate large language models (LLMs) into everyday life (e.g., acting as proxies for, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Mattson Ogg , Chace Ashcraft , Ritwik Bose , Raphael Norman-Tenazas , Michael Wolmetz

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is crucial for enhancing their utility in terms of helpfulness, truthfulness, safety, harmlessness, and interestingness. Existing methods for achieving this alignment often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Wenhao Liu , Xiaohua Wang , Muling Wu , Tianlong Li , Changze Lv , Zixuan Ling , Jianhao Zhu , Cenyuan Zhang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

In this paper, we evaluate whether LLMs learn to make human-like preference judgements in strategic scenarios as compared with known empirical results. Solar and Mistral are shown to exhibit stable value-based preference consistent with…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Jesse Roberts , Kyle Moore , Doug Fisher

As large language models (LLMs) become more deeply integrated into various sectors, understanding how they make moral judgments has become crucial, particularly in the realm of autonomous driving. This study utilized the Moral Machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Kazuhiro Takemoto

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently showcased remarkable ability to generate fitting responses to natural language instructions. However, an open research question concerns the inherent biases of trained models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Patrick Haller , Ansar Aynetdinov , Alan Akbik

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in robotics, especially for high-level action planning. Meanwhile, many robotics applications involve human supervisors or collaborators. Hence, it is crucial for LLMs to generate socially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Lennart Wachowiak , Andrew Coles , Oya Celiktutan , Gerard Canal

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their transition to real-world applications reveals a critical limitation: the inability to adapt to individual preferences while maintaining alignment with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Jian Guan , Junfei Wu , Jia-Nan Li , Chuanqi Cheng , Wei Wu

The SLAM paper demonstrated that on-device Small Language Models (SLMs) are a viable and cost-effective alternative to API-based Large Language Models (LLMs), such as OpenAI's GPT-4, offering comparable performance and stability. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Roland Daynauth , Jason Mars

Evaluations of LLMs' ethical risks and value inclinations often rely on short-form surveys and psychometric tests, yet real-world use involves long-form, open-ended responses -- leaving value-related risks and preferences in practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Inderjeet Nair , Lu Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly serving as personal assistants, where users share complex and diverse preferences over extended interactions. However, assessing how well LLMs can follow these preferences in realistic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Qianyun Guo , Yibo Li , Yue Liu , Bryan Hooi

We consider the problem of aligning a large language model (LLM) to model the preferences of a human population. Modeling the beliefs, preferences, and behaviors of a specific population can be useful for a variety of different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Keiichi Namikoshi , Alex Filipowicz , David A. Shamma , Rumen Iliev , Candice L. Hogan , Nikos Arechiga