Related papers: A Relativistic Framework to Establish Coordinate T…
Although the effects of solar (and lunar) gravitational potentials on the frequencies of orbiting Global Positioning System (GPS) clocks are actually no more than a few parts in 10^(15), a na\"ive calculation appears to show that such…
In section 2, we introduce fundamental concepts of GR concerning the measurement of time, relativistic reference systems and we review the recent literature of chronometric geodesy. In section 3 we introduce the theory of frequency standard…
We study the case of two rockets which meet at a point O of an inertial co-ordinate system S, and are scheduled to move at constant speed, in opposite directions, toward two targets placed at equal distances from point O. At the instant…
The relativity of Global Positioning System (GPS) pseudorange measurements is explored within the geometrical optics approximation in the curved space-time near Earth. A space-time grid for navigation is created by the discontinuities…
We develop a high-precision model for relativistic observables of the Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) experiment on the International Space Station (ISS). We develop all relativistic coordinate transformations that are needed to…
Relativity is an integral part of positioning systems, and this is taken into account in today's practice by applying many "relativistic corrections" to computations performed using concepts borrowed from Galilean physics. A different,…
Considering the OPERA neutrino-velocity measurement from the point of view of a GPS satellite we find that the detector at Gran Sasso has a velocity component in the order of $10^{-5}c$ towards the neutrino emission location at CERN. On…
Observations that rates of molecular evolution vary widely within and among lineages have cast doubts upon the existence of a single molecular clock. Differences in the timing of evolutionary events estimated from genetic and fossil…
We present a relational framework in which temporal structure is not fundamental but emerges from correlations within a globally stationary quantum state. Each subsystem includes an internal clock, and conditional states evolve effectively…
Based on the recent finding that the difference in proper time of two clocks in prograde and retrograde equatorial orbits about the Earth is of the order 10^{-7}s per revolution, the possibility of detecting the terrestrial gravitomagnetic…
In this paper I argue for a reassessment of special relativity. The fundamental theory of relativity applicable in this Universe has to be consistent with the existence of the massive Universe, and with the effects of its gravitational…
The nexus between the gravitational field and the space-time metric was an essential element in Einstein's development of General Relativity and led him to his discovery of the field equations for the gravitational field/metric. I will…
Einstein's theory of general relativity states that clocks at different gravitational potentials tick at different rates - an effect known as the gravitational redshift. As fundamental probes of space and time, atomic clocks have long…
Standard treatments of general relativity accept the gravitational slowing of clocks as a primary phenomenon, requiring no further analysis as to cause. Rejecting this attitude, I argue that one or more of the fundamental "constants"…
The GRACE and GRACE-FO missions have provided an unprecedented quantification of large-scale changes in the water cycle. However, it is still an open problem of how these missions' data sets can be referenced to a ground truth. Meanwhile,…
Time is a parameter playing a central role in our most fundamental modelling of natural laws. Relativity theory shows that the comparison of times measured by different clocks depends on their relative motion and on the strength of the…
Astrophysical space missions deliver invaluable information about our universe, stellar dynamics of our galaxy, and motion of celestial bodies in the solar system. Astrometric space missions SIM and Gaia will determine distances to stars…
Clocks in different heights or with different velocities run with different speeds. For global positioning systems these effects are much too large to be ignored. Nevertheless, in classical and quantum mechanics we get high accuracy using a…
The general relativistic gravitomagnetic clock effect, in its simplest form, consists of the non-vanishing difference in the orbital periods of two counter-orbiting objects moving in opposite directions along circular orbits lying in the…
Einstein's theory of general relativity predicts that a clock at a higher gravitational potential will tick faster than an otherwise identical clock at a lower potential, an effect known as the gravitational redshift. Here we perform a…