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While deep learning has achieved remarkable success across many domains, it has historically underperformed on tabular learning tasks, which remain dominated by gradient boosting decision trees. However, recent advancements are paving the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Alan Arazi , Eilam Shapira , Roi Reichart

Prompts for pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown remarkable performance by bridging the gap between pre-training tasks and various downstream tasks. Among these methods, prompt tuning, which freezes PLMs and only tunes soft…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yuxian Gu , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Minlie Huang

While most previous work has focused on different pretraining objectives and architectures for transfer learning, we ask how to best adapt the pretrained model to a given target task. We focus on the two most common forms of adaptation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Matthew E. Peters , Sebastian Ruder , Noah A. Smith

The intrinsic difficulty in adapting deep learning models to non-stationary environments limits the applicability of neural networks to real-world tasks. This issue is critical in practical supervised learning settings, such as the ones in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Simone Marullo , Matteo Tiezzi , Marco Gori , Stefano Melacci , Tinne Tuytelaars

Accurate prediction of mechanical properties of steel during hot rolling processes, such as Thin Slab Direct Rolling (TSDR), remains challenging due to complex interactions among chemical compositions, processing parameters, and resultant…

Prompt tuning is an emerging way of adapting pre-trained language models to downstream tasks. However, the existing studies are mainly to add prompts to the input sequence. This way would not work as expected due to the intermediate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Jingping Liu , Yuqiu Song , Kui Xue , Hongli Sun , Chao Wang , Lihan Chen , Haiyun Jiang , Jiaqing Liang , Tong Ruan

Feed-forward networks (FFNs) dominate the parameter count and computation of modern language models, yet existing pruning methods often struggle to convert sparsity into hardware-friendly inference efficiency gains. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhexuan Gu , Zixun Fu , Yancheng Yuan

Recently, convolution neural networks (CNNs) have attracted a great deal of attention due to their remarkable performance in various domains, particularly in image and text classification tasks. However, their application to tabular data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Arun D. Kulkarni

Efficient finetuning of pretrained language transformers is becoming increasingly prevalent for solving natural language processing tasks. While effective, it can still require a large number of tunable parameters. This can be a drawback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Umang Gupta , Aram Galstyan , Greg Ver Steeg

Transformer-based large pre-trained models have shown remarkable generalization ability, and various parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods have been proposed to customize these models on downstream tasks with minimal computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zichen Miao , Wei Chen , Qiang Qiu

Language model pre-training has proven to be useful in many language understanding tasks. In this paper, we investigate whether it is still helpful to add the self-training method in the pre-training step and the fine-tuning step. Towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Tong Guo

Deep neural networks (DNNs) exhibit vulnerability to adversarial examples that can transfer across different DNN models. A particularly challenging problem is developing transferable targeted attacks that can mislead DNN models into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Kaisheng Liang , Xuelong Dai , Yanjie Li , Dong Wang , Bin Xiao

Foundation models are usually pre-trained on large-scale datasets and then adapted to downstream tasks through tuning. However, the large-scale pre-training datasets, often inaccessible or too expensive to handle, can contain label noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Hao Chen , Zihan Wang , Ran Tao , Hongxin Wei , Xing Xie , Masashi Sugiyama , Bhiksha Raj , Jindong Wang

We present \emph{TabRet}, a pre-trainable Transformer-based model for tabular data. TabRet is designed to work on a downstream task that contains columns not seen in pre-training. Unlike other methods, TabRet has an extra learning step…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Soma Onishi , Kenta Oono , Kohei Hayashi

Recent studies have shown that large language models (LLMs), when customized with post-training on tabular data, can acquire general tabular in-context learning (TabICL) capabilities. These models are able to transfer effectively across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Xumeng Wen , Shun Zheng , Zhen Xu , Yiming Sun , Jiang Bian

In this work, we study TabPFN as a training-free, modular summary network for simulation-based Bayesian inference (SBI). Tabular foundation models such as TabPFN are pretrained on broad families of synthetic tabular data-generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Elliot Pickens , Chiraag Gohel , Sidharth Satya

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models on downstream tasks has become the de-facto learning paradigm in NLP. However, conventional approaches fine-tune all the parameters of the pre-trained model, which becomes prohibitive as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Junxian He , Chunting Zhou , Xuezhe Ma , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Graham Neubig

We propose pre-finetuning, an additional large-scale learning stage between language model pre-training and fine-tuning. Pre-finetuning is massively multi-task learning (around 50 datasets, over 4.8 million total labeled examples), and is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Armen Aghajanyan , Anchit Gupta , Akshat Shrivastava , Xilun Chen , Luke Zettlemoyer , Sonal Gupta

Fine-tuning (FT) pre-trained sentence embedding models on small datasets has been shown to have limitations. In this paper we show that concatenating the embeddings from the pre-trained model with those from a simple sentence embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Siddhant Garg , Rohit Kumar Sharma , Yingyu Liang

We introduce an efficient optimization-based meta-learning technique for large-scale neural field training by realizing significant memory savings through automated online context point selection. This is achieved by focusing each learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Jihoon Tack , Subin Kim , Sihyun Yu , Jaeho Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Jonathan Richard Schwarz