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Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong potential for ranking by capturing semantic relevance and adapting across diverse domains, yet existing methods remain constrained by limited context length and high computational…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Tao Feng , Zijie Lei , Zhigang Hua , Yan Xie , Shuang Yang , Ge Liu , Jiaxuan You

In-Context Learning (ICL) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform new tasks by conditioning on prompts with relevant information. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances ICL by incorporating retrieved documents into the LLM's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Marie Al Ghossein , Emile Contal , Alexandre Robicquet

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate their promise in tackling complicated practical challenges by combining action-based policies with chain of thought (CoT) reasoning. Having high-quality prompts on hand, however, is vital to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Xue Yan , Yan Song , Xinyu Cui , Filippos Christianos , Haifeng Zhang , David Henry Mguni , Jun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant strides across various information retrieval tasks, particularly as rerankers, owing to their strong generalization and knowledge-transfer capabilities acquired from extensive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Rahul Seetharaman , Kaustubh D. Dhole , Aman Bansal

Current large reasoning models (LRMs) have shown strong ability on challenging tasks after reinforcement learning (RL) based post-training. However, previous work mainly focuses on English reasoning in expectation of the strongest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Changjiang Gao , Zixian Huang , Kaichen Yang , Jiajun Chen , Jixing Li , Shujian Huang

Recent research has highlighted that Large Language Models (LLMs), even when trained to generate extended long reasoning steps, still face significant challenges on hard reasoning problems. However, much of the existing literature relies on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Fanzeng Xia , Yidong Luo , Tinko Sebastian Bartels , Yaqi Xu , Tongxin Li

Automating the Extract Method refactoring (EMR) remains challenging and largely manual despite its importance in improving code readability and maintainability. Recent advances in open-source, resource-efficient Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Sivajeet Chand , Melih Kilic , Roland Würsching , Sushant Kumar Pandey , Alexander Pretschner

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly impacted many facets of natural language processing and information retrieval. Unlike previous encoder-based approaches, the enlarged context window of these generative models allows for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Andrew Parry , Sean MacAvaney , Debasis Ganguly

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as rerankers in information retrieval, yet their ranking behavior can be steered by small, natural-sounding prompts. To expose this vulnerability, we present Rank Anything First (RAF), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Tiancheng Xing , Jerry Li , Yixuan Du , Xiyang Hu

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for automatic algorithm design (AAD). However, existing pipelines remain inefficient. They operate at the granularity of full algorithms, redundantly rewriting recurring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Maxime Bouscary , Manxi Wu , Saurabh Amin

Recent studies have proposed leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as information retrievers through query rewriting. However, for challenging corpora, we argue that enhancing queries alone is insufficient for robust semantic matching;…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jingming Liu , Yumeng Li , Wei Shi , Yao-Xiang Ding , Hui Su , Kun Zhou

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) as rerankers in multi-stage retrieval systems has gained significant traction in academia and industry. These models refine a candidate list of retrieved documents, often through carefully…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Sahel Sharifymoghaddam , Ronak Pradeep , Andre Slavescu , Ryan Nguyen , Andrew Xu , Zijian Chen , Yilin Zhang , Yidi Chen , Jasper Xian , Jimmy Lin

Large Language Model (LLM)-based systems, i.e. interconnected elements that include an LLM as a central component, such as conversational agents, are usually designed with monolithic, static architectures that rely on a single,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Clovis Varangot-Reille , Christophe Bouvard , Antoine Gourru , Mathieu Ciancone , Marion Schaeffer , François Jacquenet

This study explores a novel approach to enhance the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) through the optimization of input data within prompts. While previous research has primarily focused on refining instruction components and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Sam Lin , Wenyue Hua , Lingyao Li , Zhenting Wang , Yongfeng Zhang

Most existing large language models (LLMs) are expensive to adapt after deployment, especially when a task requires newly produced information or niche domain knowledge. Recent work has shown that, by manipulating and optimizing their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Zeyu Huang , Adhiguna Kuncoro , Qixuan Feng , Jiajun Shen , Lucio Dery , Arthur Szlam , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to data-intensive workflows, from database querying to developer observability. Yet the effectiveness of these systems is constrained by the volume, verbosity, and noise of real-world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Marcus Emmanuel Barnes , Taher A. Ghaleb , Safwat Hassan

Query rewrite, which aims to generate more efficient queries by altering a SQL query's structure without changing the query result, has been an important research problem. In order to maintain equivalence between the rewritten query and the…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Zhaodonghui Li , Haitao Yuan , Huiming Wang , Gao Cong , Lidong Bing

Large language models (LLMs) play a crucial role in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, improving the understanding, generation, and manipulation of human language across domains such as translating, summarizing, and classifying text.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Anna Glazkova , Olga Zakharova

Recent advancements in the reasoning skills of Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate an increase in the ability of LLMs to solve simple planning tasks. However, as long as the driving force behind improved reasoning capability is the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Andrey Borro , Patricia J Riddle , Michael W Barley , Michael J Witbrock
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