Related papers: Coherent X-ray Imaging of Stochastic Dynamics
Coherent structures form spontaneously in nonlinear spatiotemporal systems and are found at all spatial scales in natural phenomena from laboratory hydrodynamic flows and chemical reactions to ocean, atmosphere, and planetary climate…
We present a unified elucidation for the role temporal coherence properties of x-rays in surface x-ray standing wave analysis, under total external reflection condition. Analytical formulas have been derived that provide a direct relation…
This paper presents a novel method for the reconstruction of high-resolution temporal images in dynamic tomographic imaging, particularly for discrete objects with smooth boundaries that vary over time. Addressing the challenge of limited…
We study, using simulated experiments inspired by thin film magnetic domain patterns, the feasibility of phase retrieval in X-ray diffractive imaging in the presence of intrinsic charge scattering given only photon-shot-noise limited…
Scanning X-ray nanodiffraction microscopy is a powerful technique for spatially resolving nanoscale structural morphologies by diffraction contrast. One of the critical challenges in experimental nanodiffraction data analysis is posed by…
In this work we investigate the practicality of stochastic gradient descent and recently introduced variants with variance-reduction techniques in imaging inverse problems. Such algorithms have been shown in the machine learning literature…
A coupled system of nonlinear mixed-type equations modeling early stages of angiogenesis is analyzed in a bounded domain. The system consists of stochastic differential equations describing the movement of the positions of the tip and stalk…
The properties of artificially grown thin films are strongly affected by surface processes during growth. Coherent X-rays provide an approach to better understand such processes and fluctuations far from equilibrium. Here we report results…
In image segmentation, there is often more than one plausible solution for a given input. In medical imaging, for example, experts will often disagree about the exact location of object boundaries. Estimating this inherent uncertainty and…
A new phase-coherent technique for the calibration of polarimetric data is presented. Similar to the one-dimensional form of convolution, data are multiplied by the response function in the frequency domain. Therefore, the system response…
Medical image segmentation plays an important role in clinical decision making, treatment planning, and disease tracking. However, it still faces two major challenges. On the one hand, there is often a ``soft boundary'' between foreground…
Coherent virtual absorption refers to time-limited storage of optical energy in lossless configurations due to excitation of a complex zero frequency through proper temporal engineering of the incident wave. Given the dynamics underlying…
X-ray phase contrast imaging holds great promise for improving the visibility of light-element materials such as soft tissues and tumors. Single-mask differential phase contrastnimaging method stands out as a simple and effective approach…
Coherence and interference play crucial roles in emission and absorption of photons to and from large systems with many atoms. Confusion has arisen because nuclear X-ray physicists and atomic quantum-optics physicists do not understand one…
Numerous everyday situations like navigation, medical imaging and rescue operations require viewing through optically inhomogeneous media. This is a challenging task as photons, instead of traversing ballistically, propagate predominantly…
A crucial limitation of current high-resolution 3D photoacoustic tomography (PAT) devices that employ sequential scanning is their long acquisition time. In previous work, we demonstrated how to use compressed sensing techniques to improve…
We introduce the concept of coherent temporal imaging and its combination with the anamorphic stretch transform. The new system can measure both temporal profile of fast waveforms as well as their spectrum in real time and at…
X-ray dark-field imaging visualises scattering from sample microstructure, and has found application in medical and security contexts. While most X-ray dark-field imaging techniques rely on masks, gratings, or crystals, recent work on the…
Resonant (elastic) soft x-ray scattering (RSXS) offers a unique element, site, and valence specific probe to study spatial modulations of charge, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom in solids on the nanoscopic length scale. It cannot only…
The core theme of X-ray crystallography is reconstructing the electron density distribution of crystals under the constraints of observed diffraction data. Nevertheless, the reconstruction of electron density distribution by straightforward…