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Cognitive diagnosis models have been widely used in different areas, especially intelligent education, to measure users' proficiency levels on knowledge concepts, based on which users can get personalized instructions. As the measurement is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Fei Wang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen , Chuanren Liu , Zhenya Huang , Jinze Wu , Shijin Wang

Uncertainty quantification by ensemble learning is explored in terms of an application from computational optical form measurements. The application requires to solve a large-scale, nonlinear inverse problem. Ensemble learning is used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Lara Hoffmann , Ines Fortmeier , Clemens Elster

To ensure safe clinical integration, deep learning models must provide more than just high accuracy; they require dependable uncertainty quantification. While current Medical Vision Transformers perform well, they frequently struggle with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Mohammed Maaz Sibhai , Abedalrhman Alkhateeb , Saad B. Ahmed

Numerous deep learning applications benefit from multi-task learning with multiple regression and classification objectives. In this paper we make the observation that the performance of such systems is strongly dependent on the relative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Alex Kendall , Yarin Gal , Roberto Cipolla

Uncertainty estimation is an essential and heavily-studied component for the reliable application of semantic segmentation methods. While various studies exist claiming methodological advances on the one hand, and successful application on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Kim-Celine Kahl , Carsten T. Lüth , Maximilian Zenk , Klaus Maier-Hein , Paul F. Jaeger

Multi-task approaches to joint depth and segmentation prediction are well-studied for monocular images. Yet, predictions from a single-view are inherently limited, while multiple views are available in many robotics applications. On the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Mykhailo Shvets , Dongxu Zhao , Marc Niethammer , Roni Sengupta , Alexander C. Berg

Decomposing prediction uncertainty into aleatoric (irreducible) and epistemic (reducible) components is critical for the reliable deployment of machine learning systems. While the mutual information between the response variable and model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Anchit Jain , Stephen Bates

In this paper, we show how uncertainty estimation can be leveraged to enable safety critical image segmentation in autonomous driving, by triggering a fallback behavior if a target accuracy cannot be guaranteed. We introduce a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Victor Besnier , David Picard , Alexandre Briot

Uncertainty Quantification aims to determine when the prediction from a Machine Learning model is likely to be wrong. Computer Vision research has explored methods for determining epistemic uncertainty (also known as model uncertainty),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Prithviraj Manivannan , Ivo Pascal de Jong , Matias Valdenegro-Toro , Andreea Ioana Sburlea

State-of-the-art deep neural networks demonstrate outstanding performance in semantic segmentation. However, their performance is tied to the domain represented by the training data. Open world scenarios cause inaccurate predictions which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Kira Maag , Matthias Rottmann

The topic of deep learning has seen a surge of interest in recent years both within and outside of the field of Statistics. Deep models leverage both nonlinearity and interaction effects to provide superior predictions in many cases when…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-18 Paul A. Parker , Scott H. Holan

Application for semantic segmentation models in areas such as autonomous vehicles and human computer interaction require real-time predictive capabilities. The challenges of addressing real-time application is amplified by the need to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ethan Goan , Clinton Fookes

The use of deep learning for medical imaging has seen tremendous growth in the research community. One reason for the slow uptake of these systems in the clinical setting is that they are complex, opaque and tend to fail silently. Outside…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Terrance DeVries , Graham W. Taylor

The fusion of raw sensor data to create a Bird's Eye View (BEV) representation is critical for autonomous vehicle planning and control. Despite the growing interest in using deep learning models for BEV semantic segmentation, anticipating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Linlin Yu , Bowen Yang , Tianhao Wang , Kangshuo Li , Feng Chen

Recently, prototype learning has emerged in semi-supervised medical image segmentation and achieved remarkable performance. However, the scarcity of labeled data limits the expressiveness of prototypes in previous methods, potentially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Lijian Li , Yuanpeng He , Chi-Man Pun

Multi-task learning (MTL) paradigm focuses on jointly learning two or more tasks, aiming for significant improvement w.r.t model's generalizability, performance, and training/inference memory footprint. The aforementioned benefits become…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Nitin Bansal , Pan Ji , Junsong Yuan , Yi Xu

Neural networks are often overconfident about their predictions, which undermines their reliability and trustworthiness. In this work, we present a novel technique, named Error-Driven Uncertainty Aware Training (EUAT), which aims to enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Pedro Mendes , Paolo Romano , David Garlan

Depth estimation is solved as a regression or classification problem in existing learning-based multi-view stereo methods. Although these two representations have recently demonstrated their excellent performance, they still have apparent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Rui Peng , Rongjie Wang , Zhenyu Wang , Yawen Lai , Ronggang Wang

In an educational setting, an estimate of the difficulty of multiple-choice questions (MCQs), a commonly used strategy to assess learning progress, constitutes very useful information for both teachers and students. Since human assessment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Leonidas Zotos , Hedderik van Rijn , Malvina Nissim

In cases of uncertainty, a multi-class classifier preferably returns a set of candidate classes instead of predicting a single class label with little guarantee. More precisely, the classifier should strive for an optimal balance between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Thomas Mortier , Marek Wydmuch , Krzysztof Dembczyński , Eyke Hüllermeier , Willem Waegeman