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Real-world simultaneous machine translation (SimulMT) systems face more challenges than just the quality-latency trade-off. They also need to address issues related to robustness with noisy input, processing long contexts, and flexibility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Minghan Wang , Jinming Zhao , Thuy-Trang Vu , Fatemeh Shiri , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

Large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters and pretrained on massive amounts of data are now capable of near or better than state-of-the-art performance in a variety of downstream natural language processing tasks. Neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Victor Agostinelli , Max Wild , Matthew Raffel , Kazi Ahmed Asif Fuad , Lizhong Chen

When the complete source sentence is provided, Large Language Models (LLMs) perform excellently in offline machine translation even with a simple prompt "Translate the following sentence from [src lang] into [tgt lang]:". However, in many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Biao Fu , Minpeng Liao , Kai Fan , Chengxi Li , Liang Zhang , Yidong Chen , Xiaodong Shi

Large language model (LLM) shows promising performances in a variety of downstream tasks, such as machine translation (MT). However, using LLMs for translation suffers from high computational costs and significant latency. Based on our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zhanglin Wu , Daimeng Wei , Xiaoyu Chen , Hengchao Shang , Jiaxin Guo , Zongyao Li , Yuanchang Luo , Jinlong Yang , Zhiqiang Rao , Hao Yang

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) requires high-quality translations under strict real-time constraints, which traditional encoder-decoder policies with only READ/WRITE actions cannot fully address. We extend the action space of SiMT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Qianen Zhang , Satoshi Nakamura

Simultaneous speech translation (SST) outputs translations in parallel with streaming speech input, balancing translation quality and latency. While large language models (LLMs) have been extended to handle the speech modality, streaming…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Keqi Deng , Wenxi Chen , Xie Chen , Philip C. Woodland

How to make human-interpreter-like read/write decisions for simultaneous speech translation (SimulST) systems? Current state-of-the-art systems formulate SimulST as a multi-turn dialogue task, requiring specialized interleaved training data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Haotian Tan , Hiroki Ouchi , Sakriani Sakti

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in handling multilingual machine translation (MMT). In this paper, we systematically investigate the advantages and challenges of LLMs for MMT by answering two questions:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Wenhao Zhu , Hongyi Liu , Qingxiu Dong , Jingjing Xu , Shujian Huang , Lingpeng Kong , Jiajun Chen , Lei Li

Simultaneous speech-to-text translation (Simul-S2TT) aims to translate speech into target text in real time, outputting translations while receiving source speech input, rather than waiting for the entire utterance to be spoken. Simul-S2TT…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Pei Zhang , Yiming Wang , Jialong Tang , Baosong Yang , Rui Wang , Derek F. Wong , Fei Huang

In simultaneous speech translation (SimulST), finding the best trade-off between high translation quality and low latency is a challenging task. To meet the latency constraints posed by the different application scenarios, multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Sara Papi , Marco Gaido , Matteo Negri , Marco Turchi

Translating in real-time, a.k.a. simultaneous translation, outputs translation words before the input sentence ends, which is a challenging problem for conventional machine translation methods. We propose a neural machine translation (NMT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Jiatao Gu , Graham Neubig , Kyunghyun Cho , Victor O. K. Li

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) generates translations while reading the source sentence, necessitating a policy to determine the optimal timing for reading and generating words. Despite the remarkable performance achieved by Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shoutao Guo , Shaolei Zhang , Zhengrui Ma , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

Given the great success of large language models (LLMs) across various tasks, in this paper, we introduce LLM-ST, a novel and effective speech translation model constructed upon a pre-trained LLM. By integrating the large language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Zhichao Huang , Rong Ye , Tom Ko , Qianqian Dong , Shanbo Cheng , Mingxuan Wang , Hang Li

In Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) systems, training with a simultaneous interpretation (SI) corpus is an effective method for achieving high-quality yet low-latency systems. However, it is very challenging to curate such a corpus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yusuke Sakai , Mana Makinae , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Simultaneous machine translation (SimulMT) speeds up the translation process by starting to translate before the source sentence is completely available. It is difficult due to limited context and word order difference between languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Chih-Chiang Chang , Shun-Po Chuang , Hung-yi Lee

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in various language processing tasks, motivating their adoption in simultaneous translation. Current fine-tuning methods to adapt LLMs for simultaneous translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Matthew Raffel , Victor Agostinelli , Lizhong Chen

Decoder-only large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities in text generation and reasoning. Nonetheless, they have limited applications in simultaneous machine translation (SiMT), currently dominated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Roman Koshkin , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) requires high-quality translations under strict real-time constraints, which traditional policies with only READ/WRITE actions cannot fully address. We extend the action space of SiMT with four…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Qianen Zhang , Zeyu Yang , Satoshi Nakamura

This research investigates the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to augment conversational agents in process mining, aiming to tackle its inherent complexity and diverse skill requirements. While LLM advancements present novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Urszula Jessen , Michal Sroka , Dirk Fahland

We propose the on-the-fly ensembling of a machine translation model with an LLM, prompted on the same task and input. We perform experiments on 4 language pairs (both directions) with varying data amounts. We find that a slightly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Hieu Hoang , Huda Khayrallah , Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt
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