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Logs are extensively used during the development and maintenance of software systems. They collect runtime events and allow tracking of code execution, which enables a variety of critical tasks such as troubleshooting and fault detection.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Sasho Nedelkoski , Jasmin Bogatinovski , Alexander Acker , Jorge Cardoso , Odej Kao

Okta logs are used today to detect cybersecurity events using various rule-based models with restricted look back periods. These functions have limitations, such as a limited retrospective analysis, a predefined rule set, and susceptibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Jericho Cain , Hayden Beadles , Karthik Venkatesan

Logs have been an imperative resource to ensure the reliability and continuity of many software systems, especially large-scale distributed systems. They faithfully record runtime information to facilitate system troubleshooting and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Zhuangbin Chen , Jinyang Liu , Wenwei Gu , Yuxin Su , Michael R. Lyu

Logs are an essential source of information for people to understand the running status of a software system. Due to the evolving modern software architecture and maintenance methods, more research efforts have been devoted to automated log…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Xingfang Wu , Heng Li , Foutse Khomh

An anomaly detection method based on deep autoencoders is proposed to address anomalies that often occur in enterprise-level ETL data streams. The study first analyzes multiple types of anomalies in ETL processes, including delays, missing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xin Chen , Saili Uday Gadgil , Kangning Gao , Yi Hu , Cong Nie

Log anomaly detection is a critical task for system operations and security assurance. However, in networked systems at scale, log data are generated at massive scale while instance-level annotations are prohibitively expensive, posing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yutszyuk Wong , Wentai Wu , Yuen-Ying Yeung , Weiwei Lin

Log anomaly detection has become a common practice for software engineers to analyze software system behavior. Despite significant research efforts in log anomaly detection over the past decade, it remains unclear what are practitioners'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Xiaoxue Ma , Yishu Li , Jacky Keung , Xiao Yu , Huiqi Zou , Zhen Yang , Federica Sarro , Earl T. Barr

The ability to detect log anomalies from system logs is a vital activity needed to ensure cyber resiliency of systems. It is applied for fault identification or facilitate cyber investigation and digital forensics. However, as logs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Jonathan Pan , Swee Liang Wong , Yidi Yuan

Network log data analysis plays a critical role in detecting security threats and operational anomalies. Traditional log analysis methods for anomaly detection and root cause analysis rely heavily on expert knowledge or fully supervised…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Xuanhao Luo , Shivesh Madan Nath Jha , Akruti Sinha , Zhizhen Li , Yuchen Liu

Log anomaly detection is crucial for preserving the security of operating systems. Depending on the source of log data collection, various information is recorded in logs that can be considered log modalities. In light of this intuition,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Mohammad Nasirzadeh , Jafar Tahmoresnezhad , Parviz Rashidi-Khazaee

Event log records all events that occur during the execution of business processes, so detecting and correcting anomalies in event log can provide reliable guarantee for subsequent process analysis. The previous works mainly include next…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Ziyou Gong , Xianwen Fang , Ping Wu

Software systems log massive amounts of data, recording important runtime information. Such logs are used, for example, for log-based anomaly detection, which aims to automatically detect abnormal behaviors of the system under analysis by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Zanis Ali Khan , Donghwan Shin , Domenico Bianculli , Lionel Briand

Log-based anomaly detection is crucial for ensuring software system stability. However, the scarcity of labeled logs limits rapid deployment to new systems. Cross-system transfer has become an important research direction. State-of-the-art…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Xinlong Zhao , Tong Jia , Minghua He , Ying Li

Log data are generated from logging statements in the source code, providing insights into the execution processes of software applications and systems. State-of-the-art log-based anomaly detection approaches typically leverage deep…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Xingfang Wu , Heng Li , Foutse Khomh

This paper presents LogiCode, a novel framework that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) for identifying logical anomalies in industrial settings, moving beyond traditional focus on structural inconsistencies. By harnessing LLMs for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Yiheng Zhang , Yunkang Cao , Xiaohao Xu , Weiming Shen

Identification of anomalous events within system logs constitutes a pivotal element within the frame- work of cybersecurity defense strategies. However, this process faces numerous challenges, including the management of substantial data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zeng Zhang , Wenjie Yin , Xiaoqi Li

Software logs record system activities, aiding maintainers in identifying the underlying causes for failures and enabling prompt mitigation actions. However, maintainers need to inspect a large volume of daily logs to identify the anomalous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Yintong Huo , Cheryl Lee , Yuxin Su , Shiwen Shan , Jinyang Liu , Michael R. Lyu

Detecting anomalies in discrete event logs is critical for ensuring system reliability, security, and efficiency. Traditional window-based methods for log anomaly detection often suffer from context bias and fuzzy localization, which hinder…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jiaxing Qi , Chang Zeng , Zhongzhi Luan , Shaohan Huang , Shu Yang , Yao Lu , Hailong Yang , Depei Qian

Log messages are now widely used in software systems. They are important for classification as millions of logs are generated each day. Most logs are unstructured which makes classification a challenge. In this paper, Deep Learning (DL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Amir Farzad , T. Aaron Gulliver

Distributed databases are fundamental infrastructures of today's large-scale software systems such as cloud systems. Detecting anomalies in distributed databases is essential for maintaining software availability. Existing approaches,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Lingzhe Zhang , Tong Jia , Mengxi Jia , Ying Li , Yong Yang , Zhonghai Wu