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Recent work shows that in-context learning and optimization of in-context examples (ICE) can significantly improve the accuracy of large language models (LLMs) on a wide range of tasks, leading to an apparent consensus that ICE optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Pragya Srivastava , Satvik Golechha , Amit Deshpande , Amit Sharma

Successful applications of InfoNCE and its variants have popularized the use of contrastive variational mutual information (MI) estimators in machine learning. While featuring superior stability, these estimators crucially depend on costly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-25 Qing Guo , Junya Chen , Dong Wang , Yuewei Yang , Xinwei Deng , Lawrence Carin , Fan Li , Jing Huang , Chenyang Tao

Recently, contrastive learning has become a key component in fine-tuning code search models for software development efficiency and effectiveness. It pulls together positive code snippets while pushing negative samples away given search…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Haochen Li , Xin Zhou , Luu Anh Tuan , Chunyan Miao

In this work, we present Multi-Level Contrastive Learning for Dense Prediction Task (MCL), an efficient self-supervised method for learning region-level feature representation for dense prediction tasks. Our method is motivated by the three…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Qiushan Guo , Yizhou Yu , Yi Jiang , Jiannan Wu , Zehuan Yuan , Ping Luo

Given a similarity metric, contrastive methods learn a representation in which examples that are similar are pushed together and examples that are dissimilar are pulled apart. Contrastive learning techniques have been utilized extensively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Emily Mu , John Guttag , Maggie Makar

Multimodal learning aims to imitate human beings to acquire complementary information from multiple modalities for various downstream tasks. However, traditional aggregation-based multimodal fusion methods ignore the inter-modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Heqing Zou , Meng Shen , Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Deepu Rajan , Eng Siong Chng

Session-based recommendation aims to predict intents of anonymous users based on limited behaviors. With the ability in alleviating data sparsity, contrastive learning is prevailing in the task. However, we spot that existing contrastive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xiaokun Zhang , Bo Xu , Fenglong Ma , Zhizheng Wang , Liang Yang , Hongfei Lin

Contrastive learning (CL) is one of the most successful paradigms for self-supervised learning (SSL). In a principled way, it considers two augmented "views" of the same image as positive to be pulled closer, and all other images as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Chun-Hsiao Yeh , Cheng-Yao Hong , Yen-Chi Hsu , Tyng-Luh Liu , Yubei Chen , Yann LeCun

Multi-modal contrastive learning (MMCL) has recently garnered considerable interest due to its superior performance in visual tasks, achieved by embedding multi-modal data, such as visual-language pairs. However, there still lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Qi Zhang , Yifei Wang , Yisen Wang

Context-aware neural machine translation (NMT) incorporates contextual information of surrounding texts, that can improve the translation quality of document-level machine translation. Many existing works on context-aware NMT have focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Yongkeun Hwang , Hyungu Yun , Kyomin Jung

Supervised deep learning needs a large amount of labeled data to achieve high performance. However, in medical imaging analysis, each site may only have a limited amount of data and labels, which makes learning ineffective. Federated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-26 Yawen Wu , Dewen Zeng , Zhepeng Wang , Yiyu Shi , Jingtong Hu

Contrastive representation learning has proven to be an effective self-supervised learning method for images and videos. Most successful approaches are based on Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) and use different views of an instance as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Julien Denize , Jaonary Rabarisoa , Astrid Orcesi , Romain Hérault

Contrastive learning, a dominant self-supervised technique, emphasizes similarity in representations between augmentations of the same input and dissimilarity for different ones. Although low contrastive loss often correlates with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Yunzhe Zhang , Yao Lu , Qi Xuan

Model agnostic meta-learning algorithms aim to infer priors from several observed tasks that can then be used to adapt to a new task with few examples. Given the inherent diversity of tasks arising in existing benchmarks, recent methods use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Rakshith Subramanyam , Mark Heimann , Jayram Thathachar , Rushil Anirudh , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Contrastive learning has demonstrated promising potential in recommender systems. Existing methods typically construct sparser views by randomly perturbing the original interaction graph, as they have no idea about the authentic user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Xufeng Liang , Zhida Qin , Chong Zhang , Tianyu Huang , Gangyi Ding

Self-supervised contrastive learning frameworks have progressed rapidly over the last few years. In this paper, we propose a novel loss function for contrastive learning. We model our pre-training task as a binary classification problem to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Siladittya Manna , Umapada Pal , Saumik Bhattacharya

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) has emerged as a representative graph self-supervised method, achieving significant success. The currently prevalent optimization objective for GCL is InfoNCE. Typically, it employs augmentation techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yulan Hu , Sheng Ouyang , Jingyu Liu , Ge Chen , Zhirui Yang , Junchen Wan , Fuzheng Zhang , Zhongyuan Wang , Yong Liu

Knowledge distillation is commonly employed to compress neural networks, reducing the inference costs and memory footprint. In the scenario of homogenous architecture, feature-based methods have been widely validated for their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Hongjun Wu , Li Xiao , Xingkuo Zhang , Yining Miao

Continual learning has been developed using standard supervised contrastive loss from the perspective of feature learning. Due to the data imbalance during the training, there are still challenges in learning better representations. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Bilan Gao , YoungBin Kim

Because implicit user feedback for the collaborative filtering (CF) models is biased toward popular items, CF models tend to yield recommendation lists with popularity bias. Previous studies have utilized inverse propensity weighting (IPW)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Jae-woong Lee , Seongmin Park , Mincheol Yoon , Jongwuk Lee