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Miniaturized spectrometers employing chip solutions are essential for a wide range of applications, such as wearable health monitoring, biochemical sensing, and portable optical coherence tomography. However, the development of integrated…
The HERMES high-resolution spectrograph project aims at exploiting the specific potential of small but flexible telescopes in observational astrophysics. The optimised optical design of the spectrograph is based on the well-proven concept…
A prototype ultrahigh resolution spectrograph has been built with an adaptive optics telescope. It provides $250,000$ resolving power, 300 \AA\ wavelength coverage and 0.8\% efficiency.
We developed a coherent frequency-domain THz spectroscopic technique on a coplanar waveguide in the ultrabroad frequency range from 200 MHz to 1.6 THz based on continuous wave (CW) laser spectroscopy. Optical beating created by mixing two…
The development of miniaturized spectrometers for cost-effective mobile applications remains challenging, as small footprints fundamentally degrade bandwidth and resolution. Typically, achieving high resolution necessitates extended and…
The reflectance spectrum of the species in a hyperspectral data can be modelled as an n-dimensional vector. The spectral angle mapper computes the angle between the vectors which is used to discriminate the species. The spectral information…
Hyperspectral target detection (HTD) aims to identify specific materials based on spectral information in hyperspectral imagery and can detect extremely small-sized objects, some of which occupy a smaller than one-pixel area. However,…
Optical vector analysis (OVA) having the capability to achieve magnitude and phase responses is essential for fabrication and application of emerging optical devices. However, the conventional OVA often have to make compromises among…
A laser frequency combs is a broad spectrum composed of equidistant narrow lines. Initially invented for frequency metrology, such combs enable new approaches to spectroscopy over broad spectral bandwidths, of particular relevance to…
We perform a beat-frequency-resolved analysis for two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy using a high-speed and stable 2D electronic spectrometer and few-cycle visible laser pulses to disentangle the vibrational coherences in an artificial…
Fourier transform spectroscopy based on incoherent light sources is a well-established tool in research fields from molecular spectroscopy and atmospheric monitoring to material science and biophysics. It provides broadband molecular…
Existing super-resolution methods of optical imaging hold a solid place as an application in natural sciences, but many new developments allow for beating the diffraction limit in a more subtle way. One of the recently explored strategies…
Many atomic and molecular systems of fundamental interest possess resonance frequencies in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) where laser technology is limited and radiation sources have traditionally lacked long-term phase coherence. Recent…
The spectrogram is a classical DSP tool used to view signals in both time and frequency. Unfortunately, the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principal limits our ability to use them for detecting and measuring narrowband signal modulation in wideband…
We report on an air-spaced virtually imaged phased array (VIPA) spectrometer that resolves the modes of a mid-infrared frequency comb with a repetition rate of 250 MHz, without an optical filter cavity. With a record spectral resolution of…
Spectral imaging is a fundamental diagnostic technique with widespread application. Conventional spectral imaging approaches have intrinsic limitations on spatial and spectral resolutions due to the physical components they rely on. To…
The accurate determination and control of the wavelength of light is fundamental to many fields of science. Speckle patterns resulting from the interference of multiple reflections in disordered media are well-known to scramble the…
Optical clocks with unprecedented accuracy of 10^(-18) will lead to innovations in many research areas. All the applications of optical clocks rely on the ability of precisely converting the frequency from one optical clock to another, or…
A coherent, short-length reference arm reflectometer, which utilizes a 76-MHz repetition rate mode-locked fiber laser, was investigated experimentally for long fiber links (> 10 km). The reflectometer combines the advantages of optical…
Spectral measurements in the infrared (IR) optical range provide unique fingerprints of materials which are useful for material analysis, environmental sensing, and health diagnostics. Current IR spectroscopy techniques require the use of…