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Related papers: User Privacy Harms and Risks in Conversational AI:…

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The rise of powerful AI models, more formally $\textit{General-Purpose AI Systems}$ (GPAIS), has led to impressive leaps in performance across a wide range of tasks. At the same time, researchers and practitioners alike have raised a number…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Stephen Meisenbacher , Alexandra Klymenko , Patrick Gage Kelley , Sai Teja Peddinti , Kurt Thomas , Florian Matthes

Hundreds of millions of users now hold detailed, multi-turn conversations with ChatGPT and similar LLM assistants. We measure two privacy-relevant features of these conversations on a corpus of complete ChatGPT histories donated by over…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-25 S M Mehedi Zaman , Kiran Garimella

Complex decision-making by autonomous machines and algorithms could underpin the foundations of future society. Generative AI is emerging as a powerful engine for such transitions. However, we show that Generative AI-driven developments…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Le Liu , Bangguo Yu , Nynke Vellinga , Ming Cao

The discourse on privacy risks in Large Language Models (LLMs) has disproportionately focused on verbatim memorization of training data, while a constellation of more immediate and scalable privacy threats remain underexplored. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Niloofar Mireshghallah , Tianshi Li

Conversation agents, commonly referred to as chatbots, are increasingly deployed in many domains to allow people to have a natural interaction while trying to solve a specific problem. Given their widespread use, it is important to provide…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Biplav Srivastava , Francesca Rossi , Sheema Usmani , and Mariana Bernagozzi

In recent months, the social impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained considerable public interest, driven by the emergence of Generative AI models, ChatGPT in particular. The rapid development of these models has sparked heated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Maria T. Baldassarre , Danilo Caivano , Berenice Fernandez Nieto , Domenico Gigante , Azzurra Ragone

User-configured chatbots built on top of large language models are increasingly available through centralized marketplaces such as OpenAI's GPT Store. While these platforms enforce usage policies intended to prevent harmful or inappropriate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 David Rodriguez , William Seymour , Jose M. Del Alamo , Jose Such

Large Language Model (LLMs) such as ChatGPT that exhibit generative AI capabilities are facing accelerated adoption and innovation. The increased presence of Generative AI (GAI) inevitably raises concerns about the risks and safety…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Jaymari Chua , Yun Li , Shiyi Yang , Chen Wang , Lina Yao

Chatbots powered by artificial intelligence (AI) have rapidly become a significant part of everyday life, with over a quarter of American adults using them multiple times per week. While these tools offer potential benefits and risks, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Joseph Heffner , Chongyu Qin , Martin Chadwick , Chris Knutsen , Christopher Summerfield , Zeb Kurth-Nelson , Robb B. Rutledge

Chatbots have been studied for more than half a century. With the rapid development of natural language processing (NLP) technologies in recent years, chatbots using large language models (LLMs) have received much attention nowadays.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jintang Xue , Yun-Cheng Wang , Chengwei Wei , Xiaofeng Liu , Jonghye Woo , C. -C. Jay Kuo

The interactive nature of Large Language Models (LLMs), which closely track user data and context, has prompted users to share personal and private information in unprecedented ways. Even when users opt out of allowing their data to be used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-26 GodsGift Uzor , Hasan Al-Qudah , Ynes Ineza , Abdul Serwadda

In an era of increasing interaction with artificial intelligence (AI), users face evolving privacy decisions shaped by complex, uncertain factors. This paper introduces Multiverse Privacy Theory, a novel framework in which each privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Ece Gumusel

AI Safety has become a vital front-line concern of many scientists within and outside the AI community. There are many immediate and long term anticipated risks that range from existential risk to human existence to deep fakes and bias in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Simon Kasif

Social interactions promote well-being, yet barriers like geographic distance, time limitations, and mental health conditions can limit face-to-face interactions. Emotionally responsive AI systems, such as chatbots, offer new opportunities…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mahnaz Roshanaei , Rezvaneh Rezapour , Magy Seif El-Nasr

In the past decade, the financial industry has experienced a technology revolution. While we witness a rapid introduction of conversational bots for financial services, there is a lack of understanding of conversational user interfaces…

Publicly deploying research chatbots is a nuanced topic involving necessary risk-benefit analyses. While there have recently been frequent discussions on whether it is responsible to deploy such models, there has been far less focus on the…

Large language models have been demonstrated to be valuable in different fields. ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, has been trained using massive amounts of data and simulates human conversation by comprehending context and generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Ali Borji

With the ongoing penetration of conversational user interfaces, a better understanding of social and emotional characteristic inherent to dialogue is required. Chatbots in particular face the challenge of conveying human-like behaviour…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Natascha Mariacher , Stephan Schlögl , Alexander Monz

The emergence of an AI-powered chatbot that can generate human-like sentences and write coherent essays has caught the world's attention. This paper discusses the historical overview of chatbots and the technology behind Chat Generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Sakib Shahriar , Kadhim Hayawi

Chatbots' growing popularity has brought new challenges to HCI, having changed the patterns of human interactions with computers. The increasing need to approximate conversational interaction styles raises expectations for chatbots to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Ana Paula Chaves , Marco Aurelio Gerosa