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Functionality or proxy-based approach is one of the used approaches to evaluate the quality of explainable artificial intelligence methods. It uses statistical methods, definitions and new developed metrics for the evaluation without human…
In pharmacoepidemiology research, instrumental variables (IVs) are variables that strongly predict treatment but have no causal effect on the outcome of interest except through the treatment. There remain concerns about the inclusion of IVs…
Rapid developments in streaming data technologies have enabled real-time monitoring of human activity that can deliver high-resolution data on health variables over trajectories or paths carved out by subjects as they conduct their daily…
The ubiquitous use of machine learning algorithms brings new challenges to traditional database problems such as incremental view update. Much effort is being put in better understanding and debugging machine learning models, as well as in…
The biggest Breast cancer is increasingly a major factor in female fatalities, overtaking heart disease. While genetic factors are important in the growth of breast cancer, new research indicates that environmental factors also play a…
Exposure assessment is fundamental to air pollution cohort studies. The objective is to predict air pollution exposures for study subjects at locations without data in order to optimize our ability to learn about health effects of air…
Pressure ulcers have high prevalence in ICU patients but are preventable if identified in initial stages. In practice, the Braden scale is used to classify high-risk patients. This paper investigates the use of machine learning in…
Woven fabrics play an essential role in everyday textiles for clothing/sportswear, water filtration, and retaining walls, to reinforcements in stiff composites for lightweight structures like aerospace, sporting, automotive, and marine…
Many decision-making problems feature multiple objectives. In such problems, it is not always possible to know the preferences of a decision-maker for different objectives. However, it is often possible to observe the behavior of…
Ultrasound (US) has emerged as a promising modality for Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs), with recent research efforts exploring its potential for Hand Pose Estimation (HPE). A reliable solution to this problem could introduce interfaces…
Musculoskeletal and neurological disorders are the most common causes of walking problems among older people, and they often lead to diminished quality of life. Analyzing walking motion data manually requires trained professionals and the…
Environmental biotechnologies, such as drinking water biofilters, rely on complex interactions between microbial communities and their surrounding physical-chemical environments. Predicting the performance of these systems is challenging…
Accurately forecasting patient arrivals at Urgent Care Clinics (UCCs) and Emergency Departments (EDs) is important for effective resourcing and patient care. However, correctly estimating patient flows is not straightforward since it…
As artificial intelligence and machine learning tools become more accessible, and scientists face new obstacles to data collection (e.g. rising costs, declining survey response rates), researchers increasingly use predictions from…
We introduce and test a general machine-learning-based technique for the inference of short term causal dependence between state variables of an unknown dynamical system from time series measurements of its state variables. Our technique…
Pelvic diseases in women of reproductive age represent a major global health burden, with diagnosis frequently delayed due to high anatomical variability, complicating MRI interpretation. Existing AI approaches are largely disease-specific…
Confounding control is crucial and yet challenging for causal inference based on observational studies. Under the typical unconfoundness assumption, augmented inverse probability weighting (AIPW) has been popular for estimating the average…
Low physical activity levels in the intensive care units (ICU) patients have been linked to adverse clinical outcomes. Therefore, there is a need for continuous and objective measurement of physical activity in the ICU to quantify the…
Immersed nonlinear elements are prevalent in biological systems that require a preferential flow direction, such as the venous and the lymphatic system. We investigate here a certain class of models where the fluid is driven by peristaltic…
Many papers on high-dimensional statistics have proposed methods for variable selection and inference in linear regression models by relying explicitly or implicitly on the assumption that all regressors are exogenous. However, applications…