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MIRACL (Multilingual Information Retrieval Across a Continuum of Languages) is a multilingual dataset we have built for the WSDM 2023 Cup challenge that focuses on ad hoc retrieval across 18 different languages, which collectively encompass…

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have grown increasingly powerful in recent years, but can also exhibit harmful biases. Prior studies investigating such biases have primarily focused on demographic traits related to the visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Phillip Howard , Xin Su , Kathleen C. Fraser

We present a new challenge to examine whether large language models understand social norms. In contrast to existing datasets, our dataset requires a fundamental understanding of social norms to solve. Our dataset features the largest set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ye Yuan , Kexin Tang , Jianhao Shen , Ming Zhang , Chenguang Wang

Large language models have become the latest trend in natural language processing, heavily featuring in the digital tools we use every day. However, their replies often reflect a narrow cultural viewpoint that overlooks the diversity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Alistair Plum , Anne-Marie Lutgen , Christoph Purschke , Achim Rettinger

Research in cultural evolution aims at providing causal explanations for the change of culture over time. Over the past decades, this field has generated an important body of knowledge, using experimental, historical, and computational…

Translating culture-related content is vital for effective cross-cultural communication. However, many culture-specific items (CSIs) often lack viable translations across languages, making it challenging to collect high-quality, diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Binwei Yao , Ming Jiang , Tara Bobinac , Diyi Yang , Junjie Hu

Despite substantial research efforts evaluating how well large language models~(LLMs) handle global cultural diversity, the mechanisms behind their cultural knowledge acquisition, particularly in multilingual settings, remain unclear. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chen Zhang , Zhiyuan Liao , Yansong Feng

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to new summarization strategies, offering an extensive toolkit for extracting important information. However, these approaches are frequently limited by their reliance on isolated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Pranav Janjani , Mayank Palan , Sarvesh Shirude , Ninad Shegokar , Sunny Kumar , Faruk Kazi

Pop culture is an important aspect of communication. On social media people often post pop culture reference images that connect an event, product or other entity to a pop culture domain. Creating these images is a creative challenge that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Sitong Wang , Savvas Petridis , Taeahn Kwon , Xiaojuan Ma , Lydia B. Chilton

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), respecting indigenous cultures becomes essential for models' culturally safety and responsible global applications. Existing studies separately consider cultural safety and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hankun Kang , Di Lin , Zhirong Liao , Pengfei Bai , Xinyi Zeng , Jiawei Jiang , Yuanyuan Zhu , Tieyun Qian

Cultural evaluation of large language models has become increasingly important, yet current benchmarks often reduce culture to static facts or homogeneous values. This view conflicts with anthropological accounts that emphasize culture as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Mai AlKhamissi , Yunze Xiao , Badr AlKhamissi , Mona Diab

This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the latest research on multilingual large language models (MLLMs). MLLMs not only are able to understand and generate language across linguistic boundaries, but also represent an important…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Shaolin Zhu , Supryadi , Shaoyang Xu , Haoran Sun , Leiyu Pan , Menglong Cui , Jiangcun Du , Renren Jin , António Branco , Deyi Xiong

This paper presents research on enhancements to Large Language Models (LLMs) through the addition of diversity in its generated outputs. Our study introduces a configuration of multiple LLMs which demonstrates the diversities capable with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Purva Prasad Gosavi , Vaishnavi Murlidhar Kulkarni , Alan F. Smeaton

Document image classification is different from plain-text document classification and consists of classifying a document by understanding the content and structure of documents such as forms, emails, and other such documents. We show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yoshinari Fujinuma , Siddharth Varia , Nishant Sankaran , Srikar Appalaraju , Bonan Min , Yogarshi Vyas

The breakthrough of generative large language models (LLMs) that can solve different tasks through chat interaction has led to a significant increase in the use of general benchmarks to assess the quality or performance of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Fabio Barth , Georg Rehm

For many people, Wikipedia represents one of the primary sources of knowledge about foreign cultures. Yet, different Wikipedia language editions offer different descriptions of cultural practices. Unveiling diverging representations of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-07-14 Paul Laufer , Claudia Wagner , Fabian Flöck , Markus Strohmaier

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) exhibit impressive performance across various multimodal tasks. However, their effectiveness in cross-cultural contexts remains limited due to the predominantly Western-centric nature of most data and models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Longju Bai , Angana Borah , Oana Ignat , Rada Mihalcea

Translating text that contains entity names is a challenging task, as cultural-related references can vary significantly across languages. These variations may also be caused by transcreation, an adaptation process that entails more than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Simone Conia , Daniel Lee , Min Li , Umar Farooq Minhas , Saloni Potdar , Yunyao Li

Building upon the considerable advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), we are now equipped to address more sophisticated tasks demanding a nuanced understanding of cross-cultural contexts. A key example is recipe adaptation, which goes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Yong Cao , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Ruixiang Cui , Antonia Karamolegkou , Li Zhou , Megan Dare , Lucia Donatelli , Daniel Hershcovich

We test the hypothesis that the extent to which one obtains information on a given topic through Wikipedia depends on the language in which it is consulted. Controlling the size factor, we investigate this hypothesis for a number of 25…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Alexander Mehler , Wahed Hemati , Pascal Welke , Maxim Konca , Tolga Uslu