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POMDPs capture a broad class of decision making problems, but hardness results suggest that learning is intractable even in simple settings due to the inherent partial observability. However, in many realistic problems, more information is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Jonathan N. Lee , Alekh Agarwal , Christoph Dann , Tong Zhang

A key challenge in scaling up Reinforcement Learning is generalizing learned behaviour. Without the ability to carry forward acquired knowledge an agent is doomed to learn each task from scratch. In this paper we develop a new formalism for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Ruben Vereecken , Luke Dickens , Alessandra Russo

Inspired by the impressive reasoning capabilities demonstrated by reinforcement learning approaches like DeepSeek-R1, recent emerging research has begun exploring the use of reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yizhen Zhang , Yang Ding , Shuoshuo Zhang , Xinchen Zhang , Haoling Li , Zhong-zhi Li , Peijie Wang , Jie Wu , Lei Ji , Yelong Shen , Yujiu Yang , Yeyun Gong

Self-supervised representation learning~(SSRL) has advanced considerably by exploiting the transformation invariance assumption under artificially designed data augmentations. While augmentation-based SSRL algorithms push the boundaries of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yi Sui , Tongzi Wu , Jesse C. Cresswell , Ga Wu , George Stein , Xiao Shi Huang , Xiaochen Zhang , Maksims Volkovs

We introduce DeepPSL a variant of probabilistic soft logic (PSL) to produce an end-to-end trainable system that integrates reasoning and perception. PSL represents first-order logic in terms of a convex graphical model -- hinge-loss Markov…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-07 Sridhar Dasaratha , Sai Akhil Puranam , Karmvir Singh Phogat , Sunil Reddy Tiyyagura , Nigel P. Duffy

In distributed optimization, the practical problem-solving performance is essentially sensitive to algorithm selection, parameter setting, problem type and data pattern. Thus, it is often laborious to acquire a highly efficient method for a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Daokuan Zhu , Tianqi Xu , Jie Lu

Representation learning algorithms are designed to learn abstract features that characterize data. State representation learning (SRL) focuses on a particular kind of representation learning where learned features are in low dimension,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Timothée Lesort , Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez , Jean-François Goudou , David Filliat

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a paradigm of artificial intelligence where an agent uses a neural network to learn which actions to take in a given environment. DRL has recently gained traction from being able to solve complex…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Rajdeep Singh Hundal , Yan Xiao , Xiaochun Cao , Jin Song Dong , Manuel Rigger

We study the offline reinforcement learning (RL) in the face of unmeasured confounders. Due to the lack of online interaction with the environment, offline RL is facing the following two significant challenges: (i) the agent may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Zuyue Fu , Zhengling Qi , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Yanxun Xu , Michael R. Kosorok

Partial observability is a common challenge in many reinforcement learning applications, which requires an agent to maintain memory, infer latent states, and integrate this past information into exploration. This challenge leads to a number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Chi Jin , Sham M. Kakade , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Qinghua Liu

Unsupervised skill discovery in reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn diverse behaviors without relying on external rewards. However, current methods often overlook the periodic nature of learned skills, focusing instead on increasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jonghae Park , Daesol Cho , Jusuk Lee , Dongseok Shim , Inkyu Jang , H. Jin Kim

Intelligent agents can cope with sensory-rich environments by learning task-agnostic state abstractions. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to approximate causal states, which are the coarsest partition of the joint history of actions…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a learning paradigm in which the agent learns from its environment through trial and error. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms represent the agent's policies using neural networks, making their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jasmina Gajcin , Jovan Jeromela , Ivana Dusparic

Unsupervised Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims to discover diverse behaviors that can accelerate the learning of downstream tasks. Previous methods typically focus on entropy-based exploration or empowerment-driven skill learning. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ting Xiao , Jiakun Zheng , Rushuai Yang , Kang Xu , Qiaosheng Zhang , Peng Liu , Chenjia Bai

Despite the broad application of deep reinforcement learning (RL), transferring and adapting the policy to unseen but similar environments is still a significant challenge. Recently, the language-conditioned policy is proposed to facilitate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Shaohui Peng , Xing Hu , Rui Zhang , Jiaming Guo , Qi Yi , Ruizhi Chen , Zidong Du , Ling Li , Qi Guo , Yunji Chen

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) recently emerged as one of the most competitive approaches for learning in sequential decision making problems with fully observable environments, e.g., computer Go. However, very little work has been done…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Pengfei Zhu , Xin Li , Pascal Poupart , Guanghui Miao

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) recently emerged as one of the most competitive approaches for learning in sequential decision making problems with fully observable environments, e.g., computer Go. However, very little work has been done…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-25 Pengfei Zhu , Xin Li , Pascal Poupart , Guanghui Miao

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great success in estimating sequential treatment strategies which take into account patient heterogeneity. However, health-outcome information, which is used as the reward for reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Aaron Sonabend-W , Nilanjana Laha , Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan , Tianxi Cai , Rajarshi Mukherjee

Learning a good representation is an essential component for deep reinforcement learning (RL). Representation learning is especially important in multitask and partially observable settings where building a representation of the unknown…

The framework of mixed observable Markov decision processes (MOMDP) models many robotic domains in which some state variables are fully observable while others are not. In this work, we identify a significant subclass of MOMDPs defined by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Hai Nguyen , Zhihan Yang , Andrea Baisero , Xiao Ma , Robert Platt , Christopher Amato