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Despite the great successes of deep learning, the effectiveness of deep neural networks has not been understood at any theoretical depth. This work is motivated by the thrust of developing a deeper understanding of recurrent neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-12 Dingkun Long , Richong Zhang , Yongyi Mao

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural networks (RNNs) rely on gating signals, each driven by a function of a weighted sum of at least 3 components: (i) one of an adaptive weight matrix multiplied by the incoming external input…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Fathi M. Salem

Activation functions are essential to deep learning networks. Popular and versatile activation functions are mostly monotonic functions, some non-monotonic activation functions are being explored and show promising performance. But by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Junjia Chen , Zhibin Pan

Self-attention mechanisms have made striking state-of-the-art (SOTA) progress in various sequence learning tasks, standing on the multi-headed dot product attention by attending to all the global contexts at different locations. Through a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Yekun Chai , Shuo Jin , Xinwen Hou

Open data is frequently released spatially aggregated, usually to comply with privacy policies. But coarse, heterogeneous aggregations complicate learning and integration for downstream AI/ML systems. In this work, we consider models to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Bin Han , Bill Howe

Graph processes exhibit a temporal structure determined by the sequence index and and a spatial structure determined by the graph support. To learn from graph processes, an information processing architecture must then be able to exploit…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-02 Luana Ruiz , Fernando Gama , Alejandro Ribeiro

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are powerful dynamical models, widely used in machine learning (ML) and neuroscience. Prior theoretical work has focused on RNNs with additive interactions. However, gating - i.e. multiplicative -…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-12-02 Kamesh Krishnamurthy , Tankut Can , David J. Schwab

Medical time-series data are characterized by irregular sampling, high noise levels, missing values, and strong inter-feature dependencies. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), particularly gated architectures such as Long Short-Term Memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Maitri Krishna Sai

In this work, we address the need for efficient and formally stable Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) in environments with limited computational resources by analyzing the stability of the Minimal Gated Unit (MGU) network, a lightweight…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Stefano De Carli , Davide Previtali , Mirko Mazzoleni , Fabio Previdi

Smart grids are exposed to passive eavesdropping, where attackers listen silently to communication links. Although no data is actively altered, such reconnaissance can reveal grid topology, consumption patterns, and operational behavior,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Bochra Al Agha , Razane Tajeddine

Linear attention Transformers and their gated variants, celebrated for enabling parallel training and efficient recurrent inference, still fall short in recall-intensive tasks compared to traditional Transformers and demand significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yu Zhang , Songlin Yang , Ruijie Zhu , Yue Zhang , Leyang Cui , Yiqiao Wang , Bolun Wang , Freda Shi , Bailin Wang , Wei Bi , Peng Zhou , Guohong Fu

Recently, recurrent neural networks have become state-of-the-art in acoustic modeling for automatic speech recognition. The long short-term memory (LSTM) units are the most popular ones. However, alternative units like gated recurrent unit…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-18 Jan Vanek , Josef Michalek , Jan Zelinka , Josef Psutka

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are well suited for solving sequence tasks in resource-constrained systems due to their expressivity and low computational requirements. However, there is still a need to bridge the gap between what RNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Anand Subramoney , Khaleelulla Khan Nazeer , Mark Schöne , Christian Mayr , David Kappel

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves factuality but retrieving for every query often hurts quality while inflating tokens and latency. We propose Training-free Adaptive Retrieval Gating (TARG), a single-shot policy that decides…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yufeng Wang , Lu wei , Haibin Ling

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and its variations such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), have become standard building blocks for learning online data of sequential nature in many research areas, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Enmao Diao , Jie Ding , Vahid Tarokh

It is commonly believed that networks cannot be both accurate and robust, that gaining robustness means losing accuracy. It is also generally believed that, unless making networks larger, network architectural elements would otherwise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Cihang Xie , Mingxing Tan , Boqing Gong , Alan Yuille , Quoc V. Le

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been widely applied to deal with temporal problems, such as flood forecasting and financial data processing. On the one hand, traditional RNNs models amplify the gradient issue due to the strict time…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Jin Wang , Yongsong Zou , Se-Jung Lim

Adversarial training (AT) is one of the most effective ways for improving the robustness of deep convolution neural networks (CNNs). Just like common network training, the effectiveness of AT relies on the design of basic network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Qing Guo , Felix Juefei-Xu , Changqing Zhou , Wei Feng , Yang Liu , Song Wang

Gating mechanisms are ubiquitous, yet a complementary question in feed-forward networks remains under-explored: how to introduce frequency-rich expressivity without sacrificing stability and scalability? This tension is exposed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jusheng Zhang , Yijia Fan , Kaitong Cai , Jing Yang , Yongsen Zheng , Kwok-Yan Lam , Liang Lin , Keze Wang

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been a long-standing candidate for processing of temporal sequence data, especially in memory-constrained systems that one may find in embedded edge computing environments. Recent advances in training…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Sebastian Billaudelle , Laura Kriener , Filippo Moro , Tristan Torchet , Melika Payvand
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