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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are key tools for graph representation learning, demonstrating strong results across diverse prediction tasks. In this paper, we present Convexified Message-Passing Graph Neural Networks (CGNNs), a novel and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Saar Cohen , Noa Agmon , Uri Shaham

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a class of deep models that operate on data with arbitrary topology represented as graphs. We introduce an efficient memory layer for GNNs that can jointly learn node representations and coarsen the graph.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Amir Hosein Khasahmadi , Kaveh Hassani , Parsa Moradi , Leo Lee , Quaid Morris

Graph learning tasks often hinge on identifying key substructure patterns -- such as triadic closures in social networks or benzene rings in molecular graphs -- that underpin downstream performance. However, most existing graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zehong Wang , Zheyuan Zhang , Tianyi Ma , Nitesh V Chawla , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye

Graph neural networks (GNN) have shown outstanding applications in many fields where data is fundamentally represented as graphs (e.g., chemistry, biology, recommendation systems). In this vein, communication networks comprise many…

Message-passing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are often criticized for their limited expressiveness, issues like over-smoothing and over-squashing, and challenges in capturing long-range dependencies. Conversely, Graph Transformers (GTs) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yuankai Luo , Lei Shi , Xiao-Ming Wu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a new and increasingly popular family of deep neural network architectures to perform learning on graphs. Training them efficiently is challenging due to the irregular nature of graph data. The problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Marco Serafini , Hui Guan

Modern sequence models (e.g., Transformers, linear RNNs, etc.) emerged as dominant backbones of recent deep learning frameworks, mainly due to their efficiency, representational power, and/or ability to capture long-range dependencies.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ali Behrouz , Ali Parviz , Mahdi Karami , Clayton Sanford , Bryan Perozzi , Vahab Mirrokni

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a framework for graph representation learning, where a model learns to generate low dimensional node embeddings that encapsulate structural and feature-related information. GNNs are usually trained in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Davide Buffelli , Fabio Vandin

Transformers have become dominant in large-scale deep learning tasks across various domains, including text, 2D and 3D vision. However, the quadratic complexity of their attention mechanism limits their efficiency as the sequence length…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Nursena Köprücü , Destiny Okpekpe , Antonio Orvieto

Graph Transformer (GT), as a special type of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), utilizes multi-head attention to facilitate high-order message passing. However, this also imposes several limitations in node classification applications: 1) nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jiajun Zhou , Xuanze Chen , Chenxuan Xie , Yu Shanqing , Qi Xuan , Xiaoniu Yang

In recent studies, neural message passing has proved to be an effective way to design graph neural networks (GNNs), which have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph-based tasks. However, current neural-message passing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Wentao Zhang , Yu Shen , Zheyu Lin , Yang Li , Xiaosen Li , Wen Ouyang , Yangyu Tao , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

In recent years, graph neural networks (GNNs) have gained significant attention for node classification tasks on graph-structured data. However, traditional GNNs primarily focus on adjacency relationships between nodes, often overlooking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 A. Quadir , M. Tanveer

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification plays a pivotal role in domains such as environmental monitoring, agriculture, and urban planning. However, it faces significant challenges due to the high-dimensional nature of the data and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Muhammad Ahmad , Muhammad Hassaan Farooq Butt , Muhammad Usama , Manuel Mazzara , Salvatore Distefano , Adil Mehmood Khan , Danfeng Hong

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have proven to be highly effective in various graph learning tasks. A key characteristic of GNNs is their use of a fixed number of message-passing steps for all nodes in the graph, regardless of each node's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yassine Abbahaddou , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros , Johannes F. Lutzeyer , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformers are widely employed in constructing UNet architectures for medical image segmentation tasks. However, CNNs struggle to model long-range dependencies, while transformers suffer from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-26 Shaolei Zhang , Jinyan Liu , Tianyi Qian , Xuesong Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely used for learning node embeddings in graphs, typically adopting a message-passing scheme. This approach, however, leads to the neighbor explosion problem, with exponentially growing computational and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zichao Yue , Chenhui Deng , Zhiru Zhang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become pivotal tools for processing graph-structured data, leveraging the message passing scheme as their core mechanism. However, traditional GNNs often grapple with issues such as instability,…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Yuanhong Jiang , Dongmian Zou , Xiaoqun Zhang , Yu Guang Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNN) have shown a strong potential to be integrated into commercial products for network control and management. Early works using GNN have demonstrated an unprecedented capability to learn from different network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Miquel Ferriol-Galmés , José Suárez-Varela , Krzysztof Rusek , Pere Barlet-Ros , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio

Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs) model local relations effectively but struggle to propagate information over long distances. Graph Transformers (GTs) mitigate this via global self-attention, yet their quadratic cost in the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shuo Wang , Ge Cheng , Yun Zhang

Traditional graph neural networks (GNNs) lack scalability and lose individual node characteristics due to over-smoothing, especially in the case of deeper networks. This results in sub-optimal feature representation, affecting the model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Shikhar Vashistha , Neetesh Kumar