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We propose a simple method for estimating noise level from a single color image. In most image-denoising algorithms, an accurate noise-level estimate results in good denoising performance; however, it is difficult to estimate noise level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Akihiro Nakamura , Michihiro Kobayashi

Diffusion-based methods represented as stochastic differential equations on a continuous-time domain have recently proven successful as a non-adversarial generative model. Training such models relies on denoising score matching, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Sarthak Mittal , Korbinian Abstreiter , Stefan Bauer , Bernhard Schölkopf , Arash Mehrjou

In this paper, we consider a statistical problem of learning a linear model from noisy samples. Existing work has focused on approximating the least squares solution by using leverage-based scores as an importance sampling distribution.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-02-11 Siheng Chen , Rohan Varma , Aarti Singh , Jelena Kovačević

Learning from corrupted labels is very common in real-world machine-learning applications. Memorizing such noisy labels could affect the learning of the model, leading to sub-optimal performances. In this work, we propose a novel framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Yu Wang , Xin Xin , Zaiqiao Meng , Joemon Jose , Fuli Feng

Standard uncertainty estimation techniques, such as dropout, often struggle to clearly distinguish reliable predictions from unreliable ones. We attribute this limitation to noisy classifier weights, which, while not impairing overall…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Haripriya Harikumar , Santu Rana

In many real-world classification problems, the labels of training examples are randomly corrupted. Most previous theoretical work on classification with label noise assumes that the two classes are separable, that the label noise is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-08 Gilles Blanchard , Marek Flaska , Gregory Handy , Sara Pozzi , Clayton Scott

The measurements of very low level signals at low frequency is a very difficult problem, because environmental noise increases in this frequency domain and it is very difficult to filter it efficiently. In order to counteract these major…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Douarche , L. Buisson , S. Ciliberto , A. Petrosyan

The iterative and stochastic nature of diffusion models enables test-time scaling, whereby spending additional compute during denoising generates higher-fidelity samples. Increasing the number of denoising steps is the primary scaling axis,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Vignav Ramesh , Morteza Mardani

Hyperspectral images play a crucial role in precision agriculture, environmental monitoring or ecological analysis. However, due to sensor equipment and the imaging environment, the observed hyperspectral images are often inevitably…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Jiang He , Yajie Li , Jie L , Qiangqiang Yuan

Recently, there has been extensive research interest in training deep networks to denoise images without clean reference. However, the representative approaches such as Noise2Noise, Noise2Void, Stein's unbiased risk estimator (SURE), etc.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-28 Kwanyoung Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Self-supervised image denoising techniques emerged as convenient methods that allow training denoising models without requiring ground-truth noise-free data. Existing methods usually optimize loss metrics that are calculated from multiple…

Score Distillation Sampling (SDS) is a recent but already widely popular method that relies on an image diffusion model to control optimization problems using text prompts. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the SDS loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Thiemo Alldieck , Nikos Kolotouros , Cristian Sminchisescu

We present a deep neural network to reduce coherent noise in three-dimensional quantitative phase imaging. Inspired by the cycle generative adversarial network, the denoising network was trained to learn a transform between two image…

Physically-based renderings contain Monte-Carlo noise, with variance that increases as the number of rays per pixel decreases. This noise, while zero-mean for good modern renderers, can have heavy tails (most notably, for scenes containing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Vaibhav Vavilala , Rahul Vasanth , David Forsyth

We make use of recent results from random matrix theory to identify a derived threshold, for isolating noise from image features. The procedure assumes the existence of a set of noisy images, where denoising can be carried out on individual…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2010-04-09 Gaurab Basu , Kaushik Ray , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

For multi-stage recommenders in industry, a user request would first trigger a simple and efficient retriever module that selects and ranks a list of relevant items, then the recommender calls a slower but more sophisticated reranking model…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wenyu Mao , Shuchang Liu , Hailan Yang , Xiaobei Wang , Xiaoyu Yang , Xu Gao , Xiang Li , Lantao Hu , Han Li , Kun Gai , An Zhang , Xiang Wang

Diffusion models generate samples by reversing a fixed forward diffusion process. Despite already providing impressive empirical results, these diffusion models algorithms can be further improved by reducing the variance of the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Yilun Xu , Shangyuan Tong , Tommi Jaakkola

Removing the shape noise from the observed weak lensing field, i.e., denoising, enhances the potential of WL by accessing information at small scales where the shape noise dominates without denoising. We utilise two machine learning (ML)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-13 Shohei D. Aoyama , Ken Osato , Masato Shirasaki

Along with recent diffusion models, randomized smoothing has become one of a few tangible approaches that offers adversarial robustness to models at scale, e.g., those of large pre-trained models. Specifically, one can perform randomized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Jongheon Jeong , Jinwoo Shin

Randomized smoothing is a well-established method for achieving certified robustness against l2-adversarial perturbations. By incorporating a denoiser before the base classifier, pretrained classifiers can be seamlessly integrated into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ali Hedayatnia , Mostafa Tavassolipour , Babak Nadjar Araabi , Abdol-Hossein Vahabie