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We describe a possible new technique for precise wavelength calibration of high-resolution astronomical spectrographs using femtosecond-pulsed mode-locked lasers controlled by stable oscillators such as atomic clocks. Such `frequency combs'…

Depth estimation is one of the key technologies in some fields such as autonomous driving and robot navigation. However, the traditional method of using a single sensor is inevitably limited by the performance of the sensor. Therefore, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Guangyao Xu , Junfeng Fan , En Li , Xiaoyu Long , Rui Guo

Structure from Motion (SfM) often fails to estimate accurate poses in environments that lack suitable visual features. In such cases, the quality of the final 3D mesh, which is contingent on the accuracy of those estimates, is reduced. One…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Victor Amblard , Timothy P. Osedach , Arnaud Croux , Andrew Speck , John J. Leonard

LiDAR point clouds are widely used in autonomous driving and consist of large numbers of 3D points captured at high frequency to represent surrounding objects such as vehicles, pedestrians, and traffic signs. While this dense data enables…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Z. Rozsa , Á. Madaras , Q. Wei , X. Lu , M. Golarits , H. Yuan , T. Sziranyi , R. Hamzaoui

High-precision vehicle positioning is key to the implementation of modern driving systems in urban environments. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier phase measurements can provide millimeter- to centimeter-level positioning,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Junjie Zhang , Amir Khodabandeh , Kourosh Khoshelham

Femtosecond dual-comb lasers have revolutionized linear Fourier-domain spectroscopy by offering a rapid motion-free, precise and accurate measurement mode with easy registration of the combs beat note in the RF domain. Extensions of this…

Conventionally, human intuition defines vision as a modality of passive optical sensing, relying on ambient light to perceive the environment. However, active optical sensing, which involves emitting and receiving signals, offers unique…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Wei Gao , Jie Zhang , Mingle Zhao , Zhiyuan Zhang , Shu Kong , Maani Ghaffari , Dezhen Song , Cheng-Zhong Xu , Hui Kong

With the increasing use of drones across various industries, the navigation and tracking of these unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in challenging environments (such as GNSS-denied environments) have become critical issues. In this paper, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Iacopo Catalano , Ha Sier , Xianjia Yu , Tomi Westerlund , Jorge Pena Queralta

In order to enhance LIDAR performance metrics such as target detection sensitivity, noise resilience and ranging accuracy, we exploit the strong temporal correlation within the photon pairs generated in continuous-wave pumped semiconductor…

This paper proposes FAST-Calib, a fast and user-friendly LiDAR-camera extrinsic calibration tool based on a custom-made 3D target. FAST-Calib supports both mechanical and solid-state LiDARs by leveraging an efficient and reliable edge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Chunran Zheng , Fu Zhang

This paper presents the development of Scheimpflug cameras for lidar and remote sensing with an emphasis on active and passive range-finding. Scheimpflug technology uses a tilted camera geometry to natively encode 3D information through…

Ultrabroadband electro-optic sampling with few-cycle optical pulses is known to be an extremely sensitive technique to detect electric field amplitudes. By combining this method with dual-comb spectroscopy and with a new class of ultrafast…

Accurate 3D imaging is essential for machines to map and interact with the physical world. While numerous 3D imaging technologies exist, each addressing niche applications with varying degrees of success, none have achieved the breadth of…

Multi-sensor fusion using LiDAR and RGB cameras significantly enhances 3D object detection task. However, conventional LiDAR sensors perform dense, stateless scans, ignoring the strong temporal continuity in real-world scenes. This leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Sara Shoouri , Morteza Tavakoli Taba , Hun-Seok Kim

The ability to measure and record high-resolution depth images at long stand-off distances is important for a wide range of applications, including connected and automotive vehicles, defense and security, and agriculture and mining. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-13 Susan Chan , Abderrahim Halimi , Feng Zhu , Istvan Gyongy , Robert K. Henderson , Richard Bowman , Steve McLaughlin , Gerald S. Buller , Jonathan Leach

In a recent study [1], we demonstrated a multi-heterodyne differential absorption lidar (DIAL) for greenhouse gas monitoring utilizing solid targets. The multi-frequency absorption measurement was achieved using electro-optic dual-comb…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-27 William Patiño Rosas , Nicolas Cézard

Non-repetitive solid-state LiDAR scanning leads to an extremely sparse measurement regime for detecting airborne UAVs: a small quadrotor at 10-25 m typically produces only 1-2 returns per scan, which is far below the point densities assumed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Nivand Khosravi , Rodrigo Ventura , Meysam Basiri

The femtosecond laser frequency comb has enabled the 21st century revolution in optical synthesis and metrology. A particularly compelling technique that relies on the broadband coherence of two laser frequency combs is dual-comb…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-19 Vicente Duran , Santiago Tainta , Victor Torres-Company

Low-noise lasers are of central importance in a wide variety of applications, including high spectral-efficiency coherent communication protocols, distributed fibre sensing, and long distance coherent LiDAR. In addition to low phase noise,…

Precision laser spectroscopy is key to many developments in atomic and molecular physics and the advancement of related technologies such as atomic clocks and sensors. However, in important spectroscopic scenarios, such as astronomy and…