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A well known theorem of Lagrange states that the simple continued fraction of a real number $\alpha$ is periodic if and only if $\alpha$ is a quadratic irrational. We examine non-periodic and non-simple continued fractions formed by two…
A step-search sequential quadratic programming method is proposed for solving nonlinear equality constrained stochastic optimization problems. It is assumed that constraint function values and derivatives are available, but only stochastic…
Finite automata with weights in the max-plus semiring are considered. The main result is: it is decidable in an effective way whether a series that is recognized by a finitely ambiguous max-plus automaton is unambiguous, or is sequential. A…
Chordal clutters in the sense of [14] and [3] are defined via simplicial orders. Their circuit ideal has a linear resolution, independent of the characteristic of the base field. We show that any Betti sequence of an ideal with linear…
We revisit constructions for distribution and synthesis of Zielonka's asynchronous automata in restricted settings. We show first a simple, quadratic, distribution construction for asynchronous automata, where the process architecture is…
We consider the problem of estimating the tail index $\alpha$ of a distribution satisfying a $(\alpha, \beta)$ second-order Pareto-type condition, where \beta is the second-order coefficient. When $\beta$ is available, it was previously…
Let $\alpha$ and $\beta$ be irrational real numbers and $0<\F<1/30$. We prove a precise estimate for the number of positive integers $q\leq Q$ that satisfy $\|q\alpha\|\cdot\|q\beta\|<\F$. If we choose $\F$ as a function of $Q$ we get…
Determining properties of an arbitrary binary sequence is a challenging task if only local processing is allowed. Among these properties, the determination of the parity of 1s by distributed consensus has been a recurring endeavour in the…
A commutative order in a quaternion algebra is called selective if it is embeds into some, but not all, the maximal orders in the algebra. It is known that a given quadratic order over a number field can be selective in at most one…
A classical theorem of Kuratowski says that every Baire one function on a G_\delta subspace of a Polish (= separable completely metrizable) space X can be extended to a Baire one function on X. Kechris and Louveau introduced a finer…
We combine the fixed-order evaluation of the $b\bar{b}$ sum rules with a non-relativistic effective-theory approach. The combined result for the $n$-th moment includes all terms suppressed with respect to the leading-order result by ${\cal…
We show that the first-order logical theory of the binary overlap-free words (and, more generally, the ${\alpha}$-free words for rational ${\alpha}$, $2 < {\alpha} \leq 7/3$), is decidable. As a consequence, many results previously obtained…
The principal aim of this note is to illustrate how factorizations of singular, even-order partial differential operators yield an elementary approach to classical inequalities of Hardy-Rellich-type. More precisly, introducing the…
A fast algorithm (linear in the degrees of freedom) for the solution of linear variable-coefficient rational-order fractional integral and differential equations is described. The approach is related to the ultraspherical method for…
A logic is presented for reasoning on iterated sequences of formulae over some given base language. The considered sequences, or "schemata", are defined inductively, on some algebraic structure (for instance the natural numbers, the lists,…
We provide the detailed asymptotic behavior for first-order aggregation models of heterogeneous oscillators. Due to the dissimilarity of natural frequencies, one could expect that all relative distances converge to definite positive value…
Heterogeneity and irregularity of multi-source data sets present a significant challenge to time-series analysis. In the literature, the fusion of multi-source time-series has been achieved either by using ensemble learning models which…
The paper develops elementary linear algebra methods to compute the determinants of the tensor symmetrizations of quadratic and hermitian forms over fields of good characteristic. Explicit results are given for the partitions $(n)$,…
A binary relation over a free monoid is synchronous if it can be recognized by a synchronous automaton that reads its two tapes simultaneously. We consider the case where the free monoid is generated by a single element (which makes it…
Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a symmetrizable Kac--Moody algebra. Given a root $\alpha$ and a real root $\beta$ of $\mathfrak{g}$, it is known that the $\beta$-string through $\alpha$, denoted $R_\alpha(\beta)$, is finite. Given an imaginary root…